【正文】 tural arrangement 6 Innovation and limitations 10Chapter 2 Literature review 11 Theoretical research on the linkages of environmental regulation and economy 11 An analysis of environmental externalities 11 Green Solow growth model 13 Technological progress model with environmental constraints 15 Empirical research on the relationship between environmentalregulation and economy 17 Research on environmental regulation and economic growth 17 Research on environmental regulation and innovation 21 Research on environmental regulation and petitiveness 26Chapter 3 An analysis of the menchanism of environmental regulation 31 Targets of environmental regulation and some related indicators 31 Targets of environmental regulation 31 Some quantitative indicators 33 Implementation mechanism of environmental regulation 36 An analytical framework 37 Transmission mechanism of environmental regulation 38 Net impacts of environmental regulation on economy 44 Implementation instruments of environmental regulation 47Chapter 4 Evolution and outes of environmental regulation in China 51 The development process of China’s environmental regulation 51 The practices of China’s environmental regulation 54 Mandatory instruments 55 Marketoriented instruments 56 Voluntary instruments 60 Outes of Chinese environmental regulation 61 Environmental outes 62 Economic outes 68 Statistical analysis of the linkage of environmental and eomic outes 70Chapter 5 An impact of environmental regulation on China’s economic growth——Based on the analysis of productivity 76 Environmental racetothebottom hypothesis 76 Interprovincial parsion of environmental regulation and productivity 78 Interprovincial parsion of productivity 78 Interprovincial parion of environmental regulation 79 Empirical analysis of the links between environmental regulation and productivity 81 Productivity depositon 82 Model and variables 86 Estimation results 87 Robustness test 91 Main conclusions 93 Quantile analysis of the links between environmental regulationand productivity 94 Quantile parison of environmental regulation 94 Breif introduction of quantile esitmation 95 Overall analysis of the impact of environmental regulationon productivity 95 Regional analysis of the impact of environmental regulationon productivity 98 Conclusions 101Chapter 6 An impact of environmental regulation on China’s economic growth——based on the analysis of technology innovation 103 Induced innovation hypothesis 103 Manifestation of Chinese technology innovation 104 Investigate the links between environmental regulationand technological innovation 110 Modelling and variable description 110 Estimation method 113 Results and analysis 115 Conclusions 120 Nonlinear analysis of the linkage of environmentalregulation and environmental technology innovation 121 Environmental technology innovation 121 Econometric method and variable description 122 Estimation results 124 Main conclusions 127Chapter 7 An impact of environmental regulation on China’s economic growth——Based on the analysis of industrial petitiveness 128 Debates on Porter hypothesis 128 Correlation analysis of environmental regulationand industrial petitiveness 130 Related measurable indicators 130 Correlated relationship between environmental regulationand industrial petitiveness 134 Competitiveness model with pollution spillover 135 Spatial analysis of the links between environmental regulationand industrial petitiveness 137 Modelling and variable description 137 Estimate method 139 Results and analysis 140 Main conclusions 144 Multifactor analysis of the links between environmental regulationand industrial petitiveness 145 Model specification 145 Estimated strategy 145 Estimation results 147 Conclusions 151Chapter 8 Policy design of enhancing the economic incentive effects ofenvironmental regulation 153 Perfect integrated decisionmaking mechanism of environment and development 153 Heighten effectiveness and efficiency of environmentalpolicy and implementation 154 Effectively implement the polluterpays principle 155 Clear powers and responsibilities of central and localgovernments’ environmental protection 156 Perfect coordination mechanism of crosssector and transregion interest 157References 158Acknowledgements 177Academic papers during the degree 178摘 要環(huán)境與經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展關(guān)系失衡給當(dāng)今人類(lèi)社會(huì)提出了嚴(yán)峻的挑戰(zhàn)。一系列重大環(huán)境生態(tài)問(wèn)題，不僅嚴(yán)重制約了社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的可持續(xù)性，而且對(duì)人類(lèi)生存構(gòu)成威脅?？焖俚墓I(yè)化和城市化伴隨著大規(guī)模的自然資源消耗，也帶來(lái)了極大的國(guó)內(nèi)環(huán)境壓力。隨著中國(guó)國(guó)際地位的提高，中國(guó)簽署的國(guó)際環(huán)保公約數(shù)量與公約所覆蓋的范圍將不斷擴(kuò)大，中國(guó)將承擔(dān)更多的國(guó)際環(huán)保義務(wù)。隨之而來(lái)的，是對(duì)我國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)的隱憂(yōu)，即環(huán)境規(guī)制是否會(huì)影響中國(guó)的經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)。環(huán)境污染是一種“有害”的公共產(chǎn)品，且有很強(qiáng)的外部負(fù)效應(yīng)。環(huán)境規(guī)制不是消除污染，遏制經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)，而是將污染控制在生態(tài)系統(tǒng)可承載的限度之內(nèi)，實(shí)現(xiàn)環(huán)境與經(jīng)濟(jì)的協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展。無(wú)論哪種傳導(dǎo)機(jī)制在給企業(yè)帶來(lái)成本的同時(shí)，也帶來(lái)了潛在利益（或商機(jī)）。在部門(mén)和地區(qū)或國(guó)家水平上看，環(huán)境規(guī)制對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)的凈影響結(jié)果可由生產(chǎn)率、技術(shù)創(chuàng)新和產(chǎn)業(yè)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力等相關(guān)指標(biāo)來(lái)反映，由于生產(chǎn)率、技術(shù)創(chuàng)新能力和產(chǎn)業(yè)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力等指標(biāo)的變化不僅能反映一個(gè)部門(mén)和國(guó)家/地區(qū)的經(jīng)濟(jì)質(zhì)量和效率水平，也是文獻(xiàn)中常用的最為重要的經(jīng)濟(jì)指標(biāo)。本文以中國(guó)環(huán)境規(guī)制的現(xiàn)實(shí)為背景，利用中國(guó)省級(jí)面板數(shù)據(jù)，通過(guò)實(shí)證方法回答“環(huán)境規(guī)制對(duì)中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)究竟有何影響”這一問(wèn)題?；诒疚牡难芯啃枰?，將從生產(chǎn)率、技術(shù)創(chuàng)新和產(chǎn)業(yè)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力等層面來(lái)審視這種凈影響。實(shí)證結(jié)果表明，就平均水平而言，二氧化硫規(guī)制強(qiáng)度每提高1%，%%，%。因?yàn)檫@種不利影響不是由環(huán)境規(guī)制本身造成的，而是環(huán)境治理策略上的“誤配”造成。當(dāng)二氧化硫規(guī)制強(qiáng)度向高分位點(diǎn)變動(dòng)時(shí)，對(duì)生產(chǎn)率增長(zhǎng)的不利影響有增大趨勢(shì)，對(duì)效率改善的不利影響逐漸減弱。（2）中國(guó)的環(huán)境規(guī)制對(duì)環(huán)境技術(shù)創(chuàng)新有顯著的促進(jìn)作用，而對(duì)總技術(shù)創(chuàng)新活動(dòng)存在不利影響。盡管隨著中國(guó)環(huán)境規(guī)制體系的不斷創(chuàng)新，加大了市場(chǎng)化工具的應(yīng)用，但因環(huán)境規(guī)制體系中存在嚴(yán)重缺陷，使得環(huán)境規(guī)制對(duì)總的技術(shù)創(chuàng)新活動(dòng)造成不利影響。然而，考慮到環(huán)境規(guī)制直接針對(duì)環(huán)境問(wèn)題，利用計(jì)數(shù)模型分析環(huán)境規(guī)制對(duì)環(huán)境技術(shù)創(chuàng)新的影響，發(fā)現(xiàn)環(huán)境規(guī)制對(duì)環(huán)境專(zhuān)利成功申請(qǐng)數(shù)存在顯著的促進(jìn)作用。（3）中國(guó)的環(huán)境規(guī)制對(duì)產(chǎn)業(yè)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力產(chǎn)生一定的積極影響，進(jìn)而推動(dòng)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)質(zhì)量的提高。為了考察污染溢出的影響，在控制地區(qū)特征后，將污染溢出引入競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力模型，分離出環(huán)境規(guī)制的“真實(shí)”影響。說(shuō)明環(huán)境規(guī)制通過(guò)成本效應(yīng)給企業(yè)帶來(lái)了創(chuàng)新的激勵(lì)，進(jìn)而產(chǎn)生了創(chuàng)新等經(jīng)濟(jì)利益，進(jìn)而對(duì)產(chǎn)業(yè)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力造成積極影響，同時(shí)也表明，如果忽略污染因素等因素，有可能高估環(huán)境變量的系數(shù)值，進(jìn)而導(dǎo)致不正確的推斷。關(guān)鍵詞：環(huán)境污染 環(huán)境規(guī)制 經(jīng)濟(jì)效應(yīng) 政策設(shè)計(jì)ABSTRACTImbalanced relationship between environment and economic development brings about severe challenges to current human society. A series of important ecological issues not only restrict sustainability of social and economic development, but also put a threat to the survival of mankind. As far as China in developm