【正文】
.............................27 用 PLC 實(shí)現(xiàn)上述的模糊控制規(guī)律的子程序流程圖...................30第五章 結(jié)束語(yǔ).................................................31謝辭...............................................................32參考文獻(xiàn).................................................................33 養(yǎng)護(hù)窯窯溫模糊控制系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)摘要 隨著社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)的飛速發(fā)展,人們的生活水平的提高,各種住宅小區(qū)、商用建筑、寫(xiě)字樓象雨后春筍般拔地而起。遼寧石油化工大學(xué)繼續(xù)教育學(xué)院論文 題 目: 養(yǎng)護(hù)窯窯溫模糊控制系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì) 目 錄摘要.........................................................................4Abstract......................................................................5緒論................................................................6第一章 養(yǎng)護(hù)窯窯溫模糊控制系統(tǒng)工藝介紹...................8 砌塊養(yǎng)護(hù)窯的養(yǎng)護(hù)過(guò)程............................................8 養(yǎng)護(hù)窯的工藝流程................................................8第二章 養(yǎng)護(hù)窯窯溫控制系統(tǒng)控制方案的選擇.................9 模糊控制方案...................................................9 PWM控制方案.................................................11 PID控制方案..................................................12 養(yǎng)護(hù)窯窯溫控制系統(tǒng)的控制方案..................................13第三章 養(yǎng)護(hù)窯窯窯溫控制系統(tǒng)的硬件設(shè)計(jì)...................14 控制系統(tǒng)的分析和總體設(shè)計(jì).......................................14 主電路電氣元件的選擇...........................................14 低壓隔離開(kāi)關(guān)選擇.........................................14 低壓熔斷器選擇...........................................15 低壓斷路器選擇...........................................15 接觸器選擇...............................................16 熱繼電器選擇.............................................17 中間繼電器選擇...........................................17第四章建筑業(yè)的繁榮昌盛,帶動(dòng)了砌塊生產(chǎn)業(yè)的飛速發(fā)展與技術(shù)革新?,F(xiàn)在各個(gè)建材生產(chǎn)廠(chǎng)商專(zhuān)門(mén)研制出了一種砌塊養(yǎng)護(hù)窯,用來(lái)加快砌塊的出廠(chǎng)周期,以便提高生產(chǎn)效率與經(jīng)濟(jì)效益。整個(gè)系統(tǒng)的特點(diǎn)是:優(yōu)質(zhì)、高效、節(jié)能,是世界水泥制品養(yǎng)護(hù)史上重大突破,創(chuàng)新了強(qiáng)制式熱交換、聲能、負(fù)壓養(yǎng)護(hù)技術(shù),使窯內(nèi)溫度場(chǎng)、濕度場(chǎng)、壓力場(chǎng)、速度場(chǎng)、聲能場(chǎng)分布均勻,使水泥制品水化反應(yīng)具備良好條件,提高水泥砌塊等制品密實(shí)度和彈性模量,相應(yīng)地提高了砌塊的抗壓強(qiáng)度、抗凍性能、抗?jié)B透性能,減少相對(duì)含水率,有效地解決了砌塊建筑存在的熱、裂、滲等難題。其控制核心即為單片機(jī)。但是系統(tǒng)控制模擬量的性能不及PLC,故本文以GJ 型系列養(yǎng)護(hù)窯例,介紹一種以PLC 為控制核心、以模糊控制理論為依據(jù)的智能爐窯控制系統(tǒng)。s living standard enhancement, each kind of residential district, the mercial construction, the office mushroom growth rises straight from the ground architecture industry a prosperity, led the artificial brick to live industrial the rapid development and the technological the traditional artificial brick mesozoic produces in the entire natural environment, the processing cycle is long, the success ratio is not each building materials production manufacturer specially developed one kind of artificial brick curing kiln, used for to speed up artificial brick the exwork cycle, in order to enhancement production efficiency and economic series curing kiln is listed as 85 and 95 period statelevel scientific and technical payoffs key promotion plan project, is the international origination, occupies the international leading overall system characteristic is: High quality, highly effective, energy conservation, is in the world cement product maintenance history the significant breakthrough, has innovated the pulsion type heat change, the sound energy, negative pressure maintenance technology , causes in the kiln the temperature field, the moisture field, the pressure field, the velocity field, the sound energy field distribution to be even, causes the cement product hydration response to meet the good requirement, enhances product pactness and the elasticity coefficient and so on cement artificial brick, enhanced the artificial brick pressive strength, the frost resistance correspondingly has been able, the impermeability energy, reduced the relative moisture content effectively solved the artificial brick construction existence heat, the crack, infiltrated and so on the difficult entire control system is by the new style kiln body structure, the hot working for adjusts the plete technology process unit which the system, the industry puter control system is control core is a monolithic integrated the monolithic integrated circuit to make the control core, has the cost lowly, the volume small, the procedure brief and so on the merits, suits the small control the systems control simulation quantity performance is inferior to PLC, therefore this article by the GJ series curing kiln example, introduced one kind take PLC as the control core, take the fuzzy control theory as the basis intelligent dry kiln control system.Key words: maintenance kiln kiln, temperature ,PLC ,fuzzy control 緒論隨著我國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展,市場(chǎng)上建筑材料的需求也向著高質(zhì)量、大數(shù)量方向展。砌塊生產(chǎn)線(xiàn)養(yǎng)護(hù)溫度控制是砌塊生產(chǎn)質(zhì)量控制的最后一環(huán),也是最為重要的一環(huán)。砌塊生產(chǎn)線(xiàn)養(yǎng)護(hù)系統(tǒng)主要由蒸氣發(fā)生裝置、蒸氣工藝管路、養(yǎng)護(hù)窯溫度控制系統(tǒng)三部分組成。為了適應(yīng)社會(huì)的發(fā)展和滿(mǎn)足人們對(duì)產(chǎn)品最求的不斷提高國(guó)內(nèi)廠(chǎng)家開(kāi)始引進(jìn)國(guó)外技術(shù)。曲靖華泰新型墻材有限公司是云南省曲靖越鋼集團(tuán)有限公司控股的高新技術(shù)新型墻材生產(chǎn)企業(yè),位于曲靖市麒麟?yún)^(qū)越州鎮(zhèn)。隨著我國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展,市場(chǎng)上建筑材料的需求也向著高質(zhì)量、大數(shù)量方向展。溫度養(yǎng)護(hù)原理是:蒸氣發(fā)生裝置產(chǎn)生飽和水蒸氣,通過(guò)固定管線(xiàn)輸送到各養(yǎng)護(hù)窯內(nèi),對(duì)所生產(chǎn)的砌塊進(jìn)行溫度養(yǎng)護(hù),并由養(yǎng)護(hù)窯溫度自動(dòng)控制系統(tǒng)對(duì)各養(yǎng)護(hù)窯進(jìn)行溫度控制。 定時(shí)器控制及可編程定時(shí)器控制優(yōu)點(diǎn)是價(jià)格,缺點(diǎn)是只能分段控制,不能調(diào)節(jié),且操作不便;PLC控制的優(yōu)點(diǎn)是穩(wěn)定可靠,缺點(diǎn)是顯示及控制調(diào)整不便; IPC控制系統(tǒng)可根據(jù)砌塊養(yǎng)護(hù)的特點(diǎn)確定的溫度曲線(xiàn)進(jìn)行嚴(yán)格的溫度控制,使養(yǎng)護(hù)窯溫度按照所給定的溫度曲線(xiàn)運(yùn)行。系統(tǒng)采用漢字操作界面,使用十分方便。 砌塊生產(chǎn)線(xiàn)溫度養(yǎng)護(hù)系統(tǒng)功能及主要技術(shù)指標(biāo) 系統(tǒng)實(shí)現(xiàn)以下功能: 養(yǎng)護(hù)窯溫度自動(dòng)采集顯示功能 溫度曲線(xiàn)顯示功能 養(yǎng)護(hù)窯溫度自動(dòng)控制功能 給定溫度曲線(xiàn),自動(dòng)控制養(yǎng)護(hù)窯溫度功能 數(shù)據(jù)存儲(chǔ)功能 主要技術(shù)指標(biāo): 給定溫度曲線(xiàn)控制功能; 溫度PID調(diào)節(jié)控制功能, P、I、D參數(shù)可調(diào); 溫度采集精度:177。% 砌塊在生產(chǎn)過(guò)程中最后一道工序是養(yǎng)護(hù)。一種是傳統(tǒng)的自然養(yǎng)護(hù);自然養(yǎng)護(hù)只需要一個(gè)可供養(yǎng)護(hù)的露天場(chǎng)地,靠陽(yáng)光加溫。缺點(diǎn)是養(yǎng)護(hù)周期太長(zhǎng),受環(huán)境溫度影響大,對(duì)產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量要求較高時(shí),無(wú)法保證高質(zhì)量與短生產(chǎn)周期。但是在一些規(guī)模較小的砌塊加工場(chǎng)所還經(jīng)常用到這種養(yǎng)護(hù)方法。用戶(hù)可以根據(jù)砌塊的工藝要求指定養(yǎng)護(hù)規(guī)則,由手動(dòng)或自動(dòng)方法控制養(yǎng)護(hù)程序的進(jìn)行。它能保證產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量,保證生產(chǎn)進(jìn)度,不受天氣影響。目前養(yǎng)護(hù)的方法有兩種。這種養(yǎng)護(hù)方法 投資少,養(yǎng)護(hù)成本低。尤其在我國(guó)北方地區(qū)的冬季,溫度低,陽(yáng)光少,風(fēng)沙大,天氣條件惡劣,不適用這種養(yǎng)護(hù)方法。另一種養(yǎng)護(hù)方法就是在養(yǎng)護(hù)窯中進(jìn)行養(yǎng)護(hù)。養(yǎng)護(hù)窯養(yǎng)護(hù)過(guò)程是嚴(yán)格按照砌塊的工藝要求實(shí)施控制的。 養(yǎng)護(hù)窯的工藝流程。各種按鈕用于養(yǎng)護(hù)窯的啟動(dòng)和停止,并且有急停功能.