外文翻譯--在干燥和潮濕的條件下研究高速切削的費(fèi)用以及便于機(jī)械制造過程的優(yōu)化-展示頁
2024-11-15 02:07本頁面
【正文】 ontrol and helps the managers in the early process planning steps to associate factors such as preventive maintenance, levels of inventory, and machining cost. Experimental Study The study developed a guideline of choosing the right cutting tool, cutting speed, and selecting the appropriate wear criteria of the cutting tool inserts for the work material under study. In this study variable wear criteria ranging from to (tool life limit) were taken into consideration. This experiment was conducted in accordance with the International Standard Organization ISO 3685 1993 [46]. The test was done on a (Clausing1300) variable spindle speed machine with a maximum power of (see Figure 31). The tool wear measurements were performed using an optical microscope with a magnification of up to 300 times, and a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). The rotational speed of the work piece was measured before every cut by a (HT5100) handheld digital Tachometer to insure that the work piece was accurately running at the exact cutting speed. On the other hand, the work piece material was replaced when the length/diameter ratio reaches 10, based on ISO 3685 1993 [46], to ensure work piece stability and safety. Two precut were carried out with mm depth, to clean up the thin layer of rust, and to ensure work piece straightness. Figure 31 The tuning machine used during the test. Workpiece and Cutting Inserts In this study, hot rolled ASTM 4140 steel was selected as the workpiece material. The work piece properties are listed as follows: Description: Hot rolled alloy steel bars, SAE 4140H (UNS H4140) Dimensions: 15 cm Diameter x cm length Heat Treatment: Vacuum degassed/processed, CalAl treated, annealed and special straightened, conforming to ASTM A322 and A304 Chemical positions: The position of the work piece material is listed in Table according to the ASTM standards. The experiment was carried out in accordance with the international standard anization ISO368593 [46], the experiment was stopped and the work piece was changed when the length /diameter ratio reached 10 to meet the requirements of ISO3685 [46]. The hardness of each bar was checked across the diameter, and the average hardness measurement was 29HRC. The types of tested cutting tool inserts are listed on Table according to the ISO designation. Three types of cutting inserts were used in the experiment as illustrated in Table 32。 and the coating properties are also listed in Table33. The configuration of the investigated three cutting inserts was the same as listed in Table . The general cutting insert assembled geometry is shown in Figure32. The inserts were mounted rigidly on a tool holder are depicted in Figure33 with an ISO designation of SVJBR 2525 M16. Table 31 Chemical position of ASTM4140 steel used in the test Cutting inserts ISO Designation Substrate Grade Company Uncoated cemented Carbide VBMT 160408 ......... KC 313 Kennametal TiAlN VBMT 160408 KC313 KC5010 Kennametal TiNTiCNTiN VBMT 160408 KC313 KC732 Kennametal Table 32 Types of the tested cutting inserts Carbon Manganese Phosphorus Sulfur Silicon Nickel Chromium Tin Aluminum Vanadium Calcium Molly Copper Table 33 Coatings properties Coating Thickness Number of layers TiALN 181。3 t1 t 3 (TiCN intermediate) Coolant Properties It is a mon belief that coolant emulsion helps in reducing wear rate and cutting temperature. The coolant used in the test was water based emulsion has mercial name`Novick39。 End relief angle 539。 Side cuttingedge angle 30 Side rake angle 039。 Table 3
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