外文翻譯--在干燥和潮濕的條件下研究高速切削的費(fèi)用以及便于機(jī)械制造過(guò)程的優(yōu)化-免費(fèi)閱讀
【正文】 干燥 ) 圖 3— 5： KC313(干燥和潮濕 )后刀面磨損與切削時(shí)間函數(shù) TiNTiCNTiN(KC732) (潮濕 amp。圖 3— 6 的曲線 1， 2， 3 隨著切削速度的增高而下降。但是， KC5010 使用乳化液則產(chǎn)生負(fù)面影響。然而，實(shí)驗(yàn)發(fā)現(xiàn)在常規(guī)條件下切削刀具也存在 磨損破壞。如果速度再增加的話將會(huì)導(dǎo)致刀具的壽命再實(shí)驗(yàn)開始時(shí)很短時(shí)間內(nèi)就耗盡或很快損壞。 副前角 Side rake angle 0′ 副后角 Side relief angle 5′ 表 3— 5：冷卻劑的化學(xué)成分 硫 20— 30% 芳香酒精 3— 5% 丙烯甘醇以太 3— 5% 石油潤(rùn)滑油 30— 35% 非離子表面活化劑 3— 5% 氯化烯烴聚合物 20— 30% Angular tool Designation Back rake 0176。因此，圖 所用的冷卻液以直徑為 的噴嘴流出，流速為 。 表 3— 1 實(shí)驗(yàn)所用的 ASTM 4140 鋼的化學(xué)成分 切削刀具 ISO 標(biāo)準(zhǔn) 基 材 級(jí) 配 公 司 未涂碳 VBMT 160408 ……… KC 313 Kennametal TiAlN VBMT 160408 KC 313 KC 5010 Kennametal TiN_TiCN_TiN VBMT 160408 KC 313 KC 732 Kennametal 表 3— 2：實(shí)驗(yàn)所用的各種切削刀具 碳 錳 磷 硫 硅 鎳 鉻 錫 鋁 釩 鈣 鉬 銅 表 3— 3 ：涂層物 涂 層 厚 度 層 數(shù) TiALN 1 Ti— TiCN— TiN 3u3 t1 t 3 (TiCN 中間體 ) 冷卻物 普遍認(rèn)為冷卻乳化液能幫助降低磨損率和切削溫度。 熱處理： 真空處理， Cal— Al 處理，退火和調(diào)制處理，形成 ASTM A322 和 A304。本實(shí)驗(yàn)是根據(jù)國(guó)際標(biāo)準(zhǔn) ISO3685 1993[46]而進(jìn)行的。目前，幾乎沒有或者說(shuō)沒有數(shù)據(jù)來(lái)解釋當(dāng)使用堅(jiān)固以及帶分度的切削機(jī) [10]時(shí)，所需的生命周期的費(fèi)用，刀具性能，工件的表面粗糙度和尺寸精度。 especially after 3 minutes for KC313, and after 7 minutes for KC732 of cutting. However, the usage of coolant emulsion on KC5010 showed negative influence. Figure 35, and Figure 36 show that at any set of turning conditions, the flank wear increased at a higher rate at dry cutting during the gradual wear stage. Figure 37 shows that at any set of turning conditions, the flmk wear increased at a higher rate at wet cutting during the gradual wear stage. The explanation of this material behavior will be covered in detail thoughout chapter 5 (wear mechanisms of (KC5010) under wet condition). After gradual wear stage the curves look parallel to each other. This shows that flank wear occurs at the same rate under dry and wet cutting conditions. The previous figures show that flank wear curves went through three stages of wear: running in wear stage, gradual wear stage or steady state wear, and followed by rapid, fatal wear. Similar observations were documented by Chubb and Billingham [11], Haron [12]. The following terminologies are used: Initial or running in wear stage: takes place due to the rapid breakdown of the edge, which is shown by the initial high wear rate in the graph of wear against time. Curves 1, 2, and 3 in Figure 36 this stage is decreased as the cutting speed increased Gradual wear stage: the figures of the three types of cutting inserts, after the initial wear has taken place, indicating a steady gradual stage on the insert wear will form. However, it will increase with less dramatic pattern than the initial stage. Rapid, fatal wear: the final stage of wear, which leads to a catastrophic failure of the cutting inserts. Rapid fatal wear revealed both flank and large crater formation that weakened the tool edge and under sustained resistance to the high cutting forces, caused it to fracture. Testing methods indicated rapid breakdown took place during cutting。 Table 35 Coolant chemical positions Sulfate 2030% Aromatic alcohol 35% Propylene glycol ether 35% Petroleum oil 3035% Nonionic surfactant 35% Chlorinated alkene polymer 2030% Angular tool Designation Back rake 0176。 and the coating properties are also listed in Table33. The configuration of the investigated three cutting inserts was the same as listed in Table . The general cutting insert assembled geometry is shown in Figure32. The inserts were mounted rigidly on a tool ho
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