揚州大學(xué)英語考博復(fù)習(xí)題-展示頁
2025-04-26 01:27本頁面
【正文】 e nearly 50% less oil than in 1973. The OECD estimates in its latest Economic Outlook that, if oil prices averaged $22 a barrel for a full year, pared with $13 in 1998, this would increase the oil import bill in rich economies by only % of GDP. That is less than onequarter of the ine loss in 1974 or 1980. On the other hand, oilimporting emerging economies—to which heavy industry has shifted—have bee more energyintensive, and so could be more seriously squeezed。揚州大學(xué)英語考博復(fù)習(xí)題閱讀理解Passion 1Could the bad old days of economic decline be about to return? Since OPEC agreed to supplycuts in March, the price of crude oil has jumped to almost $26 a barrel, up from less than $10 last December. This neartripling of oil prices calls up scary memories of the 1973 oil shock, when prices quadrupled, and 19791980, when they also almost tripled. Both previous shocks resulted in doubledigit inflation and global economic decline. So where are the headlines warning of gloom and doom this time?The oil price was given another push up this week when Iraq suspended oil exports. Strengthening economic growth, at the same time as winter grips the northern hemisphere, could push the price higher still in the short term。Yet there are good reasons to expect the economic consequences now to be less severe than in the 1970s. In most countries the cost of crude oil now accounts for a smaller share of the price of petrol than it did in the 1970s. In Europe, taxes account for up to fourfifths of the retail price, so even quite big changes in the price of crude have a more muted effect on pump prices than in the past。One more reason not to lose sleep over the rise in oil prices is that, unlike the rises in the 1970s, it has not occurred against the background of general modityprice inflation and global excess demand. A sizable portion of the world is only just emerging from economic decline. The Economist39。31. The main reason for the latest rise of oil price is[A]global inflation. [B]reduction in supply。s suspension of exports。[C]consumption rises. [D]oil taxes rise?！ B]ine loss mainly results from fluctuating crude oil prices?！ D]oil price changes have no significant impact on GDP?！ B]inflation seems irrelevant to oilprice shocks?！ D]the price rise of crude leads to the shrinking of heavy industry。Passion 2Every minute of every day, what ecologist James Carlton an oceanographer at Williams College in Wil
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