【正文】 ll the departments involved.Project management can be subdivided into project planning, . the task which will be undertaken before the project starts, and project controlling during the implementation of the must include: process – dates capacityThere are many possible project goals such as, for example, to realize a positive net present value, to achieve a high imputed interest, to minimize costs, to cover costs, to maximize gross profit, or simply to finish as early as possible. However, it is important, that goals are defined operationally, thait is when it is possible to measure to which extent the goal has been achieved. The project manager breaks the project down into a set of activities. Then he also defines the relationships among these activities. The oute is a guideline regarding the activities that can be performed in parallel and those that have to be done in a sequential order. This task is done via planning by network.Now, there are activities that require capacities and resources like personnel and material. Such resources are limited and these requirements have to be considered in order to be able to develop a feasible, sound plan. Information from other modules as . the material planning module is required.The system calculates the material requirements for each step of the project and organizes that materials are bought in time to avoid delays. When purchasing material, the system takes into account order sizes, inventory policies as well as other information. To prepare the financial statements, the value of work in progress (including project work) has to be calculated. This also requires interaction of some R/3 modules.Thus, the system needs information from all business areas simultaneously. And this is exactly what integration does.The project module is part of the integrated concept of SAP R/3 providing interfaces to other modules like Accounting, Distribution, Material Management and Production Planning and Control. Each area within the organization has its own structure and its own view of the project, but data has to be entered only once.3 Getting ready for the workshop This chapter provides information on the first use of the system. Logging on R/3Logging offSAP R/3 is a client/server application. Therefore, you have to cancel the connection with the server by telling it that you want to log off. Create SessionOften it is useful to open more screens. You can do this by creating a new session, like a new document in a word processor.SAP HelpIf you want to get some basic information about a specific field, focus this field with your mouse and press F1.The dialog box indicates what the field is for. Sometimes even dependencies are explained.Match codesMatch codes are useful for finding data, because it is difficult to know/remember the identification number of a line position such as a material.Example:You want to edit the material master of a material. You don’t know the number, but you know that the material description starts with something like “PM_”If you press F4 you get a searchmask where you are able to search with wildcardsAfter having pressed Enter you get a list with the search results.Then you can select one material, you can sort or cancel. Transaction CodesThe following screen will be often used during the workshop. Thus, we can use Transaction Codes for faster access.Then select Structure planning – Change Project.Now, we want to “bookmark” this screen.So, we look up the transaction code.The status dialog box opens:Here we see a lot of information concerning important relevant technical details.Wherever you find yourself in the system, you can get to this screen by entering CJ20 in the Transaction screen.Let us refine this a little bit. If you have several transaction codes, you may get confused. Key in the appropriate transaction code and the ment edit project structure.Then, if you open the bo box of the transaction codes after having entered more codes, you will find the appropriate one .The Standard ToolbarIn many screens you will find the standard toolbar.Save buttonWhen you press the save button, the system also validates your input. If there was an error, you have to correct the error first,before you can proceed.Back buttonIf you click the back button you return to the previous screen without saving your data. HelpEnter buttonWhen you have finished entering information on a screen, you press the Enter button which performs the same function as pressing the Enter key.Exit buttonPress it, if you want to leave the current application to go back to the previous menue.Cancel buttonClick on this button to exit the current task without saving. The Cancel button performs the same function as Cancel in the Edit menu.Print button Paging keysFind/Find next buttonClick on this button, if you want to perform a search for data required in the screen you are currently working in. 4 Case Study Case descriptionThis case was developed in order to demonstrate the project system of SAP R/3 . All prices and data are pure fiction and held very simple.The object of the project is the specification and installation of an elevator.Physically, the Elevator consists of an engine a control unitIn the course of the project, these parts must be constructed, procured and assembled.At the end, an external inspection of the entire system is prescribed.The project must be finished by .The pany consists of two work centers: Installation (PROJINS)Specification activities are performed by the Development department. Procurement activities will be done outside the project organisation, and neither cost nor capacity considerations are planned within a project for procurement. Installation