【正文】 liability for the goods and will carry and deliver them in the same good order as he received them. The carrier will be liable if the goods are found damaged. ? Unclean bills of lading are generally marked “insufficiently packed”, “carton old and stained”, “packed in damaged condition” etc. But not all bills of lading which are noted are unclean bills of lading. The following kinds are not regarded as unclean bills of lading. ? The notes do not indicate clearly that the goods or packing are unsatisfactory, ., “old packing” or “old carton” etc. ? The purpose of the note is to emphasize that the carrier shall not be responsible for the risks resulting from the quality of the goods or packing. ? The bank will not accept the unclean B/L until the buyer agrees accordingly. ? named, order and blank bill of lading ? According to whether the B/L is transferable, it is divided into 3 kinds: straight B/L, order B/L, and blank B/L ? A named B/L is made out so that only the named consignee at the destination is entitled to take delivery of the goods under the bill. The consignee is designated the shipper. The carrier has to hand over the cargo to the named consignee, not to any third party in possession of the bill. This kind bill of lading is not transferable. The shipper cannot pass the bill to a third party by endorsement. So the bill is of very restricted application. When the goods are shipped on a nonmercial basis, such as samples or exhibits, or when the goods are extremely valuable, a straight bill of lading is generally issued. ? An order bill of lading indicates that the bill is made out to the order of any person named in such a bill. This kind of bill may be transferred after endorsement. When the bill is made out “to order of shipper” it is necessary for the shipper to endorse the bill either in blank or in full, to the consignee to whom he wishes the delivery of the goods is to be made. If the shipper does not endorse such a bill, he reserves the right to dispose of the goods to himself. ? A blank bill of lading is also called open B/L or bearer B/L. It refers to the bill in which the name of a definite consignee is not mentioned. There usually appear in the box of consignee words like “to bearer” and the holder of the B/L can take delivery of the goods against the surrender of B/L. long form and short form of bill of lading ? According to the contents of the B/L, it can be divided into 2 forms. ? A Long Form B/L refers to the bill of lading on the back of which all the detailed terms and conditions about the rights and obligations of the carrier and the consignor are listed as an integral part of the bill. A long form B/L is applicable for all countries. ? A short form B/L is a document which omits the terms and conditions on the back of the B/L. Only America accepts short form B/L. freight prepaid and freight to be collected bill of lading ? According to the time for payment of freight, it can be divided into 2 types. ? A freight prepaid B/L means that all the freight is paid by the consignor when the B/L is issued by the carrier. ? A freight to be collected B/L refers to the B/L on which “freight payable at destination” is indicated. Master and house bill of lading ? According to the issuance party of B/L, it can be divided into 2 categories. ? A Master B/L means the B/L is issued by the actual carrier directly to the consignor. ? A House B/L is issued by NVOCC （ Nonvessel Operating Common Carrier） to the consignor under the authorization of the shipping pany. Other Types of B/L： Antedated, On Deck and advanced bill of lading Antedated B/L ? When the actual loading date is slightly later than the date of shipment stipulated in the L/C, the carrier sometimes, at the request of the shipper, will issue the bill of lading to the shipper an antedated B/L so as to meet the requirement of the L/C. The shipping carrier does not issu