【正文】 lly, Einstein’s theory of relativity and his other scientific works are not that hard to understand with a little study. But beyond learning Einstein’s theories, his overall attitude towards science as a tool to liberate humanity is something from which everyone can and should learn.事實上，愛因斯坦的相對論以及他的其他科學(xué)論著稍加研究是不難懂得的。但是，他本人不同意別人把他高置于他人之上的那些做法。這樣，他鼓舞了整個一代的科學(xué)家，使他們積極參加共產(chǎn)主義運動。雖然他自己很少在實驗室工作，他所發(fā)展的各種概念使科學(xué)取得了許多進(jìn)展，從而形成了現(xiàn)代技術(shù)。而且，當(dāng)事實證明他的理論是錯誤的時候，愛因斯坦也從不害怕承認(rèn)錯誤。First of all, he always employed the scientific method of seeking truth from facts. He firmly believed as he put it, that “there is nothing inprehensible about the universe,”and through painstaking work, explained many of the phenomena thought to be “inprehensible” in his day. Einstein was also never afraid to admit mistakes when facts proved his theories wrong.首先，他總是運用從事實中尋求真理的地。7. It is impossible to acplish (carry out, fulfill, materialize) the socialist modernization of our country (our socialist modernization) without the leadership of the Party.Section VII EnglishChinese Translation將下列短文譯成漢語：（本大題30分）（文科各類專業(yè)譯第1段，理、工、醫(yī)、農(nóng)、體各類專業(yè)譯第2段）Section VII: EnglishChinese Translation (30 points)(1)The life of Albert Einstein is a model in many ways for both natural and political scientists.阿伯特 in restoring our national economy).6. 我們把英語作為學(xué)習(xí)西方先進(jìn)科學(xué)技術(shù)的一種工具。4. The result is much (far) better than we expected.5. 在過去的三年中，在恢復(fù)我國國民經(jīng)濟方面做了大量的工作。2. The Chinese people will forge ahead (march on, march onward, march forward) with greater strides in 1980’s.3. 我們都同意李同志已作出的決定。. . . .一. 1980考研英語翻譯真題及答案Section VI ChineseEnglish Translation將下列句子譯成英語：（本大題共20分，第1題2分，其余各題均3分）Section VI: ChineseEnglish Translation (20 points)1. 水一煮沸請立即把開關(guān)關(guān)掉。1. Please turn off the switch (switch off) as soon as the water boils.2. 在八十年代，中國人民將以更大的步伐向前邁進(jìn)。3. We all agree to the decision rade Li has made (made).4. 這個結(jié)果比我們預(yù)期的要好得多。5. During the past three years a lot (of work) has been done in the recovery (restoration) of our national economy (in recovering our national economy。6. We use English as a tool in learning Western advanced science and technology.7. 沒有黨的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)，我國的社會主義現(xiàn)代化是不可能實現(xiàn)的。愛因斯坦的一生在許多方面，無論是對自然科學(xué)家，還是政治科學(xué)家，都是一個范例。正如他所說的，他堅信“關(guān)于宇宙沒有東西是不可知的，”并經(jīng)過艱苦的勞動，了許多在他那個時代被認(rèn)為是“不可知”的種種現(xiàn)象。Second, Einstein’s contributions showed the great importance of theoretical work to scientific effort. Although he himself rarely worked in laboratories, the concepts he developed led to many of the scientific advances which have shaped modern technology.其次，愛因斯坦的貢獻(xiàn)說明理論工作對科學(xué)成就的巨大的重要性。Third, Einstein believed very deeply that scientists must have a moral and social consciousness. In this way, he provided inspiration for a whole generation of scientists who became active in the Communist movement.第三，愛因斯坦深信科學(xué)家必須具有道德和社會意識。Einstein is often portrayed in bourgeois writings as a “genius”whose theories are so plicated that no one but a few best scientists can understand them. But he himself rejected the efforts to put him in a position far above other people. He was well known for his humble manner and often stressed to interviewers that his acplishments would certainly have been achieved by others had he never lived.愛因斯坦在資產(chǎn)階級的筆下被描繪為一個“天才”，他的理論是如此地難于理解，以致只有少數(shù)最杰出的科學(xué)家才能懂得。他的謙遜態(tài)度是眾所周知的，他常常對來訪者強調(diào)說，如果沒有他的話，別人也肯定能夠取得他那樣的成就。但是除了學(xué)習(xí)愛因斯坦的理論外，他對于利用科學(xué)作為一種工具來解放人類的總的態(tài)度是每個人能夠?qū)W習(xí)的，而且也是應(yīng)該學(xué)習(xí)的。也許最為迫切的問題是提供足夠的糧食。他們還在實驗只用化合物和水的混合劑來培植作物的技術(shù)，到那里就可不需一般的土壤了。有一個解決辦法就是在焚化爐中用高溫的廢物燒掉。事實是，任何新的能源都將是非常受歡迎的，因為石油已感不足。The possible effects of some scientific fields, such as lasers and cryogenics (低溫學(xué)), are difficult to imagine and both already have a number of uses. The supercooling effects of the cryogenics which convert liquid helium (液態(tài)氦) and other gases into “superfluids” and metals into “superconductors”, making them nonresistant to electricity, could change the world in a number of ways. The laser, with its beam of strong light, can drill a hole in a diamond, and yet can be so well controlled that it can be used in delicate eye operations. The question is whether it will be most used for peaceful purposes or as a deadly weapon.諸如激光學(xué)和低溫學(xué)，某些科學(xué)領(lǐng)域的可能作用是難以想象的，它們兩者已經(jīng)有若干用途。激光，以它強烈的光束，可在金剛石上鉆孔，也可以很好地加以控制來進(jìn)行難做的眼科手術(shù)。But perhaps the most remarkable developments will occur in space flight. One of the difficulties in the past has been the high cost, but now the space shuttle is being developed, and can be used a large number of times instead of only once. Already man has been to the moon. Perhaps by the end of the century he will have had a closeup view of Venus (金星) or Mars (火星).但最驚人的發(fā)展也許將出現(xiàn)在宇宙飛行方面。但現(xiàn)在航天飛機正在發(fā)展，這種航天飛機可以使用多次而不是僅僅一次而已。也許到本世紀(jì)末人類對金星或火星等將有一個精細(xì)的觀察。1. The more I study the subject, the more I like it.2. 這家工廠只能供應(yīng)我們所需要的百分之三十。3. They did not stop talking until they fell asleep.4. 許多人以為電是燃料，但事實上并非如此。 but, as a matter of fact, it is not.5. 我國的社會主義現(xiàn)代化是一項我們必須努力完成的任務(wù)。它是英聯(lián)邦內(nèi)獨立的國家之一(女王被承認(rèn)是英聯(lián)邦的首腦)，也是歐洲共同體的成員國。英格蘭在一千年前統(tǒng)一為一個王國，威爾士則于中世紀(jì)時成為這王國的一個組成部分。一七〇七年兩國通過立法，規(guī)定設(shè)立一個單一的、在英格蘭和威爾士以及在蘇格蘭均享有最高權(quán)力的大不列顛國會。一八〇〇年由于愛爾蘭國會并入大不列顛國會，聯(lián)合王國的創(chuàng)建便告完成。北愛爾蘭的六個郡已于一九二〇年被授權(quán)成立自己的、在聯(lián)合王國國會之下的議會，并投票表決留在聯(lián)合王國內(nèi)。它具有最高的政府權(quán)力和立法權(quán)，但在行政管理方面已作出了安排以照顧不同地區(qū)的特殊需要。(2)As more people live closer together, and as they use machines to produce leisure, they find that their leisure, and even their working hours, bee spoilt by a byproduct of their machines —namely, noise. Noise is nowadays in the news。現(xiàn)在新聞報導(dǎo)中經(jīng)常談?wù)撛胍?。To control noise is to demand much selfdiscipline (annoyance arises often from lack of mon courtesy), a sense of proportion (there is usually a conflict of interest if a noise is to be stopped), the expenditure of money (and it is far more economical to do this early rather that late), and finally, technical knowledge.要控制噪音就得要求很大程度的自我約束(使人煩惱的事常常是由于缺乏普通的禮貌引起的)，一種均衡感(如果要制止噪音，通常會引起利害沖突)，化錢(早化錢比晚化錢經(jīng)濟得多)，最后還有技術(shù)知識。你可以根據(jù)速度計上指針?biāo)傅淖x數(shù)來確定一輛汽車的超速。Though the ideal cure for noise is to stop it at its source, this may in many cases be impossible. The next remedy is to absorb it on its wa