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去某時間的“以前” 那時以前 ago 以現(xiàn)在為基準(zhǔn)(現(xiàn)在以前) 因?yàn)?(后接句子) because of 因?yàn)? Ⅳ Grammar (一) 一般現(xiàn)在時 (二) 頻度副詞always =all the time usually /often= many times sometimes less than often more than seldom seldom —not many times never—at no time Unit3ⅠWords 1. trouble n. 麻煩 困難 困境 v. 麻煩 煩擾 請求 使煩惱 ask sb. to do sth. ( What’s the trouble with sb. ? / What’s wrong with sb. ? / What’s the matter with sb.? )2. happen v. 出現(xiàn)發(fā)生 happen to sb./sth. 成為某人/某事的體驗(yàn)或命運(yùn);降臨到某人/某事的頭上 happen to be /do 恰巧 碰巧 happen / take place (不可用于被動語態(tài)) happen 強(qiáng)調(diào)偶然性 take place 強(qiáng)調(diào)必然性或計劃性 3. argue n. argument 4. hold v. 拿 握 容納 舉行 開會 5. crowd 人群 a big crowd of people 一大群人 adj. crowded 擁擠的6. stare v. 凝視 盯視 注視 stare at 盯著 盯住 7. through 穿過 通過 從開始到結(jié)束 自始自終 因?yàn)? 接通電話They drove through the tunnel . Can you put me through to Tom ,please ?They walked through the whole night ! The boy got the job through his father . through / across / over / by through: 一邊進(jìn)入一邊穿出 across 從一邊倒另一邊 over 從一邊倒另一邊 必須橫跨跨越 by 從邊上經(jīng)過8. steal v. 偷 盜 steal sth. from sb. n. theft 偷 盜竊罪rob 搶 rob sb. of sth. 9. notice 注意 察覺 警告 通知 notice sb. do sth . 注意某人干好某事 I notice him walk into the room . I notice that he came into the room . notice sb. doing sth. 注意某人正在干某事 I notice him eating impolitely. I notice that him was eating impolitely.9. follow v. 跟隨 領(lǐng)會 理解 n. follower 追隨者 adj. 隨后的10. hurry adv. 匆忙地 n.. 匆忙 in a hurry / hurried 匆忙 11. aboard 在(飛機(jī) 火車 輪船等上) on aboard 到船上 在船上 12. afraid adj. 害怕的 be afraid to do sth. 害怕做某事 不敢做某事 a frightened person 一個擔(dān)驚受怕的人be afraid of doing sth. 害怕做某事(會引起某種后果)be afraid of sth. 害怕某事/某物be afraid +that 從句 13. detail 細(xì)節(jié) 枝節(jié) 詳情(pl.) in detail 詳細(xì)地 14. as :當(dāng)…….時候 when / while Ⅱ Phrases 1. deal with 對待 處理 (與how 連用 強(qiáng)調(diào) 方法) 涉及 同……做生意 do with 對待 處理( 與what 連用 強(qiáng)調(diào)對象)2. about /on 在涉及文章,書籍,談話,演說,報告等有關(guān)內(nèi)容時,兩者可通用。 某些專有名詞,還有復(fù)數(shù)姓氏。牛津上海版英語八上各單元知識梳理Unit 1 PenfriendsⅠWords:1. penfriend 筆友 pen pal 2. magazine 雜志 a literary magazine 文學(xué)雜志 women’s magazine 婦女雜志 →n. magazinist 期刊編輯3. hobby 業(yè)余愛好 4. chess 國際象棋 chessman 棋子(pl. chessmen) chessboard 棋盤5. own 擁有 own up 承認(rèn)錯誤 owner 所有者 物主 業(yè)主 6. good/well—betterbest 7. architect 建筑師 architecture 建筑學(xué)8. nearby adv. 在附近 不遠(yuǎn) adj. 附近的 鄰近的 9. keen adj. 熱心的 渴望的 敏銳的 靈敏的 Keenly keenness n. 敏銳10. ambition 雄心 抱負(fù) be full of ambition 野心勃勃 ambitious adj. 有雄心的11. enclose 附上 Ⅱ Phrases1. at the end 在………的末端2. be keen on 熱心于做 熱衷于………3. play chess 下象棋4. twelve years old 5. a boy called Tom 一個名叫Tom 的男孩 a boy named Tom a boy with the name Tom 6. best wishes 最好的祝愿7. by +交通工具 = take +a/an +交通工具8. tell sb. about sth. 告訴某人關(guān)于某事 tell sb. to do sth. 告訴某人做某事 tell sb. not to do sth. 告訴某人別做某事9. enjoy doing sth. 喜歡做某事 like doing sth. mind /practice/finish/10. speak /tell /say/talk say 說 述說 speak 說話發(fā)言 電話來時用speaking talk 說 談話 of/about tell 告訴 講述Ⅲ Sentence1. make it +adj. for sb. to do sth. it 形式賓語2. sth. +be+ to do 動詞不定式做表語3. I hope you will write to me soon . 我希望你盡快給我回信 hope 有可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望 wish 不大可能實(shí)