【正文】 patient’s head should be tilted to one side, so that salivation and other secretion may be drained. Generalized Tonic— Clonic Seizure Treatment on The OnsetPart 6: Prevention and Treatment of Epilepsy Treatment on The OnsetPart 6: Prevention and Treatment of Epilepsy Complex Partial Seizure The patient should be protected from injury or damaging the other people. Treatment for Status Epilepticus Efforts should be dirested at ensuring the adequacy of cardiorespiratory function, controlling the clinical and electrical manifestation of seizure activity, treating the underlying cause, and correcting metabolic imbalance occurring as a result of the status.Part 6: Prevention and Treatment of Epilepsy Treatment on The Onset(1)An airway should be inserted and oxygen given.(2)The patient should be protected from injury during the convulsive episode and placed on a flat, soft surface with side rails up and padded to avoid injury.Part 6: Prevention and Treatment of Epilepsy Treatment for Status EpilepticusPart 6: Prevention and Treatment of Epilepsy Treatment for Status Epilepticus(3)Convulsion should be controlled as quickly as possible Firstly, intravenous diazepam (the usual dose in adults being 1020mg children being ) should be administered by slow injection, care being taken to observe for any evidence of respiratory depression. If seizures persist, diazepam iv drip (100mg of diazepam being diluted in 500 cc D5/W and run in at 40 cc/hour) should be administered. Part 6: Prevention and Treatment of Epilepsy Treatment for Status Epilepticus(3) Convulsion should be controlled? If seizures continue, phenobarbital iv drip or paraldehyde rectal administration or chloral hydrate nasogastric dministration should be treated.Part 6: Prevention and Treatment of Epilepsy Treatment for Status Epilepticus(4) It is important to ensure adequate respiratory exchange and oxygenation. If existence of respiratory depression, the patient should be intubated. (5) The plication with status 。 the legs usually extend and the arms flex partially. ? This phase usually last 1020 seconds and the EEG show 10Hz multiple spikes. Clinical Manifestations of Generalized TonicClonic Seizures(Three Phases) 尖波 棘波Clonic Phase: The transition from the tonic to the clonic phase is gradual, not sharply demarcated. After the tonic stage, jerking or clonic ( interrupted tonic ) movements occur in all limbs for less than a minute.? This phase usually last 30 seconds to 1 minute and the EEG show multiple spikeswave plexes and spikewave plex. Clinical Manifestations of Generalized TonicClonic Seizures(Three Phases) Convulsion Phase (TonicClonic Phase) Clinical Manifestations of Generalized TonicClonic Seizures(Three Phases) Associated With Signs in the Tonic Clonic Phase : Autonomic Disorders: Heart rate and blood pressure may be increased more than double, increased salivation and breathing may cause frothing at the mouth, urinary incontinence may occur, pupillary dilatation with loss of reactivity to light may be seen Respiration System: Respiration stops and pallor or cyanosis may be seen. Reflex: physiological reflex disappear and pathological reflex may be seen. Clinical Manifestations of Generalized TonicClonic Seizures(Three Phases) Immediate Postictal Phase (Recovery Phase): Recovery of respiration function recovery of autonomic function recovery of consciousness (sleepconfusionnormal)? This phase usually last 49 minutes and the EEG show lowvoltage slow waves, and then recovery of normal background waves Status Epilepticus with GTCS? Definition: Repetitive tonicclonic convulsions, in which the patient does not recover normal alert state between attacks, is status epilepticus with GTCS. These patients are usually associated with high fever, dehydration, aspiration pneumonitis, loss of acid base balance, water and electrolytic disorder, brain edema, and so on.Clinical ManifestationsWe have to emphasize it is one of the e mergencies and severe caseThis seizures are short interruptions of consciousnessthat last from 3 to 15 seconds , less than 30 seconds each, and begin and end abruptly as well as recur from a few to several hundred times per day. The patients may show ongoing behavior stopping, inconspicuous flickering of the eyelids or eyebrows at about times/second, partial atony, partial muscle stiffness and autonomic signs. EEG of this type show bilaterally synchronous 3 Hz spike wave plex. Absence Seizures Seizures:EEG of the patient with AS show 3 Hz spikewave plex. Simple Partial Seizure (SPS) They are characterized by which I. symptoms often indicated the area of the brain, II. the clinical sign are only partial dysfunction, III. consciousness is not impairment. They are divided into four types: partial motor attacks, somatosensory attacks 、 and special sensory attacks， autonomic attacks， as well as attacks with psychic symptoms.Second: Clinical Manifestations of Epileptic Seizures2. Partial Seizure Partial Motor Seizure:?Involve motor activity from any area of the body. Usually, they involve the limbs, face, or head and sometimes cause spee