【正文】 Part B Directions: In the following article, some sentences have been removed. For Questions 4145, choose the most suitable one from the list AG to fit into each of the numbered blank. There are two extra choices, which do not fit in any of the gaps. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points) The social sciences are flourishing. As of 2022, there were almost half a million professional social scientists from all fields in the world, working both inside and outside academia. According to the World Social Science Report 2022, the number of socialscience students worldwide has swollen by about 11% every year since 2022. Yet this enormous resource in not contributing enough to today‘s global challenges including climate change, security, sustainable development and health.(41)______Humanity has the necessary agrotechnological tools to eradicate hunger, from geically engineered crops to artificial fertilizers . Here, too, the problems are social: the anization and distribution of food, wealth and prosperity. (42)____This is a shame—the munity should be grasping the opportunity to raise its influence in the real world. To paraphrase the great social scientist Joseph Schumpeter: there is no radical innovation without creative destruction. Today, the social sciences are largely focused on disciplinary problems and internal scholarly debates, rather than on topics with external impact. Analyses reveal that the number of papers including the keywords ―environmental changed‖ or ―climate change‖ have increased rapidly since 2022,(43)____ When social scientists do tackle practical issues ,their scope is often local: Belgium is interested mainly in the effects of poverty on Belgium for example .And whether the munity‘s work contributes much to an overall accumulation of knowledge is doubtful. The problem is not necessarily the amount of available funding (44)____this is an adequate amount so long as it is aimed in the right direction. Social scientists who plain about a lack of funding should not expect more in today‘s economic climate. The trick is to direct these funds better. The European Union Framework funding programs have long had a category specifically targeted at social scientists. This year, it was proposed that system be changed: Horizon 2020,a new program to be enacted in 2022,would not have such a category ,This has resulted in protests from social scientists. But the intention is not to neglect social science。s technology, and its social consequences, is dazzlingly plicated, and it39。t we? Take a broader look at our species39。s chief privacy officer, blogged: we believe consumers should have more control. Could it really be that simple? 26. It is suggested in paragraph 1 that ―behavioural‖ ads help advertisers to: [A] ease petition among themselves [B] lower their operational costs [C] avoid plaints from consumers [D] provide better online services 27. ―The industry‖ (Line 6,) refers to: [A] online advertisers [B] emerce conductors [C] digital information analysis [D] inter browser developers 28. Bob Liodice holds that setting DNT as a default [A] many cut the number of junk ads [B] fails to affect the ad industry [C] will not benefit consumers [D] goes against human nature 29. Which of the following is true according to ? [A] DNT may not serve its intended purpose [B] Advertisers are willing to implement DNT 5 [C] DNT is losing its popularity among consumers [D] Advertisers are obliged to offer behavioural ads 30. The author39。s Chrome is due to do so this year. In February the FTC and Digital Advertising Alliance (DAA) agreed that the industry would get cracking on responding to DNT requests. On May 31st Microsoft Set off the row: It said that Inter Explorer 10, the version due to appear windows 8, would have DNT as a default. It is not yet clear how advertisers will respond. Getting a DNT signal does not oblige anyone to stop tracking, although some panies have promised to do so. Unable to tell whether someone really objects to behavioural ads or whether they are sticking with Microsoft‘s default, some may ignore a DNT signal and press on anyway. Also unclear is why Microsoft has gone it alone. After all, it has an ad business too, which it says will ply with DNT requests, though it is still working out how. If it is trying to upset Google, which relies almost wholly on default will bee the norm. DNT does not seem an obviously huge selling point for windows 8though the firm has pared some of its other products favourably with Google39。s Safari both offer DNT 。s Federal Trade Commission (FTC) proposed adding a do not track (DNT) option to inter browsers ,so that users could tell advertisers that they did not want to be followed .Microsoft39。M, with its green Conscious Collection line –Cline believes lasting change can only be effected by the customer. She exhibits the idealism mon to many advocates of sustainability, be it in food or in energy. Vanity is a constant。M to offer a $ knit miniskirt in all its 2,300pius stores around the world, it must rely on lowwage overseas labor, order in volumes that strain natural resources, and use massive amounts of harmful chemicals. Overdressed is the fashion world‘s answer to consumeractivist bestsellers like Michael Pollan‘s The Omnivore‘s Dilemma. ―Massproduced clothing, like fast food, fills a hunger and need, yet is nondurable and wasteful,‖ Cline argues. Americans, she finds, buy roughly 20 billion garments a year – about 64 items per person – and no matter how much they give away, this excess leads to waste. 3 Towards the end of Overdressed, Cline introduced her ideal, a Brooklyn woman named Sarah Kate Beaumont, who since 2022 has made all of her own clothes – and beautifully. But as Cline is the first to note, it took Beaumont decades to perfect her cr