【正文】 d Top Shroud Impeller Skirt Impeller Eye Impeller Vane Downthrust Washer Upthrust Washer 23 Impeller Eye Hub Upper Shroud Vanes Lower Shroud Skirt 24 Impeller The impeller rotates about the pump axis, with the shaft It provides the centrifugal force to the fluid gives it energy. 25 Impeller Fluid enters the impeller through the ?eye? near the shaft and exits the impeller on the outside. 26 Impeller Cut Away 27 28 Diffuser 29 Diffuser The diffuser does not rotate, it turns the fluid up into the next impeller It transforms the fluid velocity, it?s energy, into head 30 Diffuser Cut Away 31 Impeller amp。 Diffuser Diffuser directs fluid into the eye of the impeller Impeller spins and gives energy to fluid which exits around the outside Diffuser redirects the fluid up into the next impeller and turns fluid energy into head 32 Impeller in Diffuser A Pump ‘Stage’ 33 Pump Stage cut away 34 01020304050600 1000 2022 3000 4000 5000 6000Flow, Barrels per day (BPD) Operating Range Head Capacity Pump Efficiency Brake Horse Power Head in Feet BHP Pump Curve 80 60 40 20 1 2 3 Efficiency % Best Efficiency Point (BEP) Total Dynamic Head ( TDH ) Tubing Pressure 36 01020304050600 1000 2022 3000 4000 5000 6000Flow, Barrels per day (BPD) Operating Range Head Capacity Pump Efficiency Brake Horse Power Head in Feet BHP Pump Curve 80 60 40 20 1 2 3 Efficiency % Best Efficiency Point (BEP) 37 Head in Feet Pump Curve 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 Flow, Barrels per day (BPD) 0 200 400 600 800 1000 Developing the Pump Stage Head / Capacity Curve 38 Pump Stage Fluid Reservoir Developing the Pump Stage Head – Capacity Curve 39 Fluid Reservoir Head (Lift) 1 Developing the Pump Stage Head – Capacity Curve 40 Head in Feet Single stage performance for a given RPM and fluid viscosity Pump Stage Characteristics 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 1 Flow, Barrels per day (BPD) 0 200 400 600 800 1000 Developing the Pump Stage Head – Capacity Curve 41 Fluid Reservoir Head 1 Developing the Pump Stage Head – Capacity Curve 42 Head Flow 1 2 Fluid Reservoir Developing the Pump Stage Head – Capacity Curve 43 Head in Feet Pump Stage Characteristics 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 Flow, Barrels per day (BPD) 0 200 400 600 800 1000 1 2 Developing the Pump Stage Head – Capacity Curve 44 Head Flow 1 2 Fluid Reservoir Developing the Pump Stage Head – Capacity Curve 45 Head Flow 1 2 3 Fluid Reservoir Developing the Pump Stage Head – Capacity Curve 46 Head in Feet Pump Stage Characteristics 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 Flow, Barrels per day (BPD) 0 200 400 600 800 1000 1 2 3 Developing the Pump Stage Head / Capacity Curve 47 Head in Feet Pump Curve 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 Flow, Barrels per day (BPD) 0 200 400 600 800 1000 Developing the Pump Stage Head / Capacity Curve 48 Use the pump curve to size a pump ? We have a well, we want to produce 600BPD, and we need at least 280ft pump head. ? How many stages do we need? 49 280 Ft 600 bpd Fluid Reservoir Using the Pump Curve to size a pump 50 Head in Feet Pump Curve 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 Flow, Barrels per day (BPD) 0 200 400 600 800 1000 40 feet/stage 600 BPD 56 feet/stage 0 BPD Using the Pump Curve to size a pump 51 280 Ft 600 bpd Fluid Reservoir Using the Pump Curve to size a pump 52 280 Ft 600 bpd Fluid Reservoir 56 feet 0 BPD For 600 BPD Stages = 280/40 = 7 Using the Pump Curve to size a pump 53 280 Ft 600 bpd Fluid Reservoir Using the Pump Curve to size a pump 54 280 Ft 600 bpd Fluid Reservoir Using the Pump Curve to size a pump 55 Multiple Stages The head that one stage develops is multiplied by the number of stages to determine the total head a pump will deliver. At a given flow rate ! 600 bpd 40 ft 80 ft 40 ft 56 01020304050600 1000 2022 3000 4000 5000 6000Flow, Barrels per day (BPD) Operating Range Head Capacity Pump Efficiency Brake Horse Power Head in Feet BHP Pump Curve 80 60 40 20 1 2 3 Efficiency % Best Efficiency Point (BEP) 57 Pump Performance Pump stage performance has three measured parameters which are… ? Flow Rate ? Head (Discharge pressure can be calculated) ? Brake Horsepower or Motor Load ? From the above, Pump Efficiency may be calculated 1 3 6 0 0 0))(( S p g rBPDF e e tPH y d r a u l ic H ?B HPPHy d r a u l i c HE ffic ie n c y ?58 Using the pump curve Example: A well will produce 4000 BPD with a GC3500 pump when the pump produces a TDH (total dynamic head) of 5000 ft. Specific gravity of the produced fluid = How many stages we need? How big the motor should be? 59 Pump Curve GC3500 Single Stage Performance, 3500 RPM SpGr = , 60 Hertz 4000 BPD, 42 ft/stg, HP/stg, 70% efficient 60 Using the pump curve S t a g e sS t a g e s S t a g eL i f tT DH 1 1 9425 0 0 0/ ???2 1 4))((1 1 9))(( ??? S p G rS t a ge sP u m p H P S t ag eB HPSo we need a motor bigger than 214HP, say 255HP. 61 Pump Thrust 62 In Floating Impeller Pumps the Impeller does not ?Float? It is free to move up and down on the pump shaft Impeller Position 64 Under normal operating conditions, fluid circulates on top