【正文】 size ? Selecting a cable type based on operating conductor temperature amp。 runs cooler than equivalent flat cable 3 2 4 1 185 Cable Types Motor Lead Extension Components 1 Conductor (Copper) 2 Insulation Film (Polyimide) 3 Insulation (EPDM) 4 Jacket / Tape amp。 jacketed copper conductors contained by metal armor ? Proper applications must address electrical, physical size, and operating temperature requirements 183 Cable Types Flat Components 1 Conductor (Copper) 2 Insulation (Polypropylene or EPDM) (Ethylene Propylene Diene Monomer) 3 Jacket (Nitrile or EPDM) amp。 data logging capability ? Has auxiliary inputs for the various monitoring signals 197 The Variable Speed Controller Features amp。電潛泵知識與控制理論培訓 湛江 2 Introduction xxx 3 ? 電潛泵應用技術的基礎知識 ? 電潛泵系統(tǒng)構成 , 主要設備的功能和工作原理及其相互間關系 ? 電泵生產過程中需關注的參數 , 重點講解表現其工況特征和必須重點監(jiān)測的數據 ? 各類與電泵相關的上部完井方式及管串簡介 ? 氣蝕 , 稠油 , 出沙等井況對電泵運行的影響及解決方案 ? 其他與電泵運行壽命相關的因素 ? 電泵技術發(fā)展和特殊應用 ? 變頻控制的基本理論及地面設備的整體構成 ? 變頻器主要參數的計算和設置 ? 諧波應對方案和中壓變頻器簡介 ? GCS/ICS 變頻器的專題介紹和初級故障處理 ? 井下實時監(jiān)控技術的意義及產品介紹 A typical ESP installation 5 ESP System Technology Overview 6 Objective ? Upon letion of this course, you should be able to: Explain the uses for Electrical Submersible Pumps. List the major ponents of an ESP system. Explain the principle of an ESP system. 7 . Centrifugal Pump Gas Separator Seal Section Electric Motor 8 ESP Downhole System The basic ESP downhole system ponents are ... ?The Monitoring System (optional) ?The Power Cable ?The Motor ?The Seal Section ?The Pump 9 Built in Discharge head Tubing screws in here Bolts to the Seal Pump Shaft Built in Intake Pump Housing Rotating Impeller Stationary Diffuser The Pump 10 The Pump ? Hangs from the production tubing ? Lifts the fluid through the tubing to the surface ? Is a multistage centrifugal type ? Is constructed from impellers and diffusers ? Must be sized to match the well production ? Has an intake and discharge that either bolts onto or is threaded into the pump housing ? Normally be set above the perforation for sufficient cooling. 11 LT = Lower Tandem pump ( with built in intake ) The seal bolts on here 12 LT/MT = Lower/Middle Tandem pump Head Shipping Cap If MT (middle tandem) or LT (Lower Tandem) then a flange face is the head of the pump. 13 If Upper Tandem (UT) then a discharge is built into the pump. UT Pump Built in Discharge head 14 Middle Tandem pump Base UT or MT pump Shipping Cap 15 The Bolt on Head The Middle Tandem or Lower Tandem Pump Head 16 Gas separator intake (cut away). May be bolted on to the base of a MT (Middle Tandem) or UT (Upper Tandem) Pump The Seal bolts on here. UT or MT pump bolts on here. 17 Centrifugal ???? 18 Stages stacked on a shaft and pressed in a housing. Centrilift Submersible Pump 19 Rotating (right to left) impellers Stationary diffusers Cutaway of Pump 20 Impeller 21 Pump Stage Hydraulic Design ESP Stage designs fall into one of two hydraulic design categories … Mixed Flow flow path has both axial and radial direction with respect to the pump shaft Radial Flow flow path is generally perpendicular (radial) with respect to the pump shaft 22 Impeller Terminology Impeller Hub Bottom Shroud Top Shroud Impeller Skirt Impeller Eye Impeller Vane Downthrust Washer Upthrust Washer 23 Impeller Eye Hub Upper Shroud Vanes Lower Shroud Skirt 24 Impeller The impeller rotates about the pump axis, with the shaft It provides the centrifugal force to the fluid gives it energy. 25 Impeller Fluid enters the impeller through the ?eye? near the shaft and exits the impeller on the outside. 26 Impeller Cut Away 27 28 Diffuser 29 Diffuser The diffuser does not rotate, it turns the fluid up into the next impeller It transforms the fluid velocity, it?s energy, into head 30 Diffuser Cut Away 31 Impeller amp。/or deployed separately in the wellbore ? Signals are either impressed (DC) on the power cable or sent via separate instrument wire ? Available monitoring options include … – Pump Intake Pressure – Pump Intake Temperature – Motor Operating Temperature – Discharge Flow Rate – Discharge Pressure – Discharge Temperature – Unit Vibration 193 The Surface Equipment The surface equipment (beyond the wellhead) consists of … ? The Motor Controller ? The Transformer(s) ? The Junction or “Vent” Box ? Wellhead ? Surface Cable 194 The Controller System The two types of controllers used with ESP systems are … ? Switchboards (fixed speed) ? Variable Speed Controllers (aka “drives”) Both types of Controllers can be made to read monitoring system output signals Both types generally require transformers to convert the supply or output voltage to the required unit voltage 195 The Switchboard Features ? Applies full voltage and current to the downhole system on start up (aka “across the line” starting) ? Utilizes a motor controller unit for system protection and monitoring ? Is hooked to transformers which convert the ining voltage and current to the required voltage and current for