【正文】 .......................................................................... 1 聚氯乙烯的主要用途 ....................................................................................................... 2 聚氯乙烯工業(yè)的重要性 ................................................................................................... 3 國(guó)內(nèi)外聚氯乙烯發(fā)展概況 ............................................................................................... 4 國(guó)外聚氯乙烯發(fā)展動(dòng)態(tài)及趨勢(shì) ............................................................................. 4 國(guó)內(nèi)聚氯乙烯發(fā)展動(dòng)態(tài)及趨勢(shì) ............................................................................. 5 第二章 設(shè)計(jì)方案論述 ................................................................................................................. 6 VCM 生產(chǎn)路線(xiàn)的選擇 ...................................................................................................... 6 電石法生產(chǎn)路線(xiàn) ..................................................................................................... 6 乙烯法生產(chǎn)路線(xiàn) ..................................................................................................... 7 兩種生產(chǎn)路線(xiàn)的評(píng)價(jià) ............................................................................................. 8 聚合方法選擇 ................................................................................................................... 9 本體聚合 ................................................................................................................. 9 溶液聚合 ............................................................................................................... 10 乳液聚合 ............................................................................................................... 10 懸浮聚合 ............................................................................................................... 10 四種聚合方法比較 ............................................................................................... 11 聚合機(jī)理 ......................................................................................................................... 11 自由基聚合機(jī)理 ................................................................................................... 11 鏈反應(yīng)動(dòng)力學(xué)原理 ............................................................................................... 12 成粒機(jī)理 ............................................................................................................... 13 影響聚合產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量的因素 ............................................................................................. 13 聚合工藝 ............................................................................................................... 13 配方體系 ............................................................................................................... 14 聚合反應(yīng)的輔助時(shí)間 ........................................................................................... 15 防粘釜技術(shù) ..................................................................................................................... 15 粘釜的形成原因 ................................................................................................... 15 聚合釜的防粘技術(shù) ............................................................................................... 16 方案總述 ......................................................................................................................... 16 第三章 工藝計(jì)算 ....................................................................................................................... 18 物料衡算 ......................................................................................................................... 18 原料用量計(jì)算 ....................................................................................................... 18 各工段物料衡算 ................................................................................................... 20 熱量衡算 ......................................................................................................................... 32 石墨冷卻器 ........................................................................................................... 32 轉(zhuǎn)化器 ................................................................................................................... 35 全凝器 ................................................................................................................... 37 尾氣冷凝器 ........................................................................................................... 39 聚合階段 ............................................................................................................... 40 第四章 設(shè)備的工藝計(jì)算與選型 ............................................................................................... 42 武漢工程大學(xué)本科畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì) IV 低沸塔設(shè)備計(jì)算 ............................................................................................................. 42 塔板數(shù)的計(jì)算 ....................................................................................................... 42 低沸塔的塔體工藝尺寸計(jì)算 ............................................................................... 43 塔板主要工藝尺寸的計(jì)算 ................................................................................... 44 篩板的流體力學(xué)驗(yàn)算 ........................................................................................... 46 塔板負(fù)荷性能圖 ................................................................................................... 48 低沸塔再沸器選型 ............................................................................................... 51 高沸塔設(shè)備計(jì)算 ............................................................................................................. 53 塔板數(shù)的計(jì)算 ....................................................................................................... 53 高沸塔的塔體工藝尺寸計(jì)算 ............................................................................... 54 塔板主要工藝尺寸的計(jì)算 ..........................................