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erdrafts loans) ? Overnight loans ? Commercial paper ? Debentures 13 Bank Capital ( worth) Funds are raised by selling new stock or from retained earnings. Offbalance Sheet items ? No recorded on the balance sheet ? Contingent items: Occurrence, timing, and/or amount is unknown a) Credit Substitutes: ., Loan guarantees, mitted lines of credit, lending of securities held in trust by the FI. b) Derivatives products (forwards, futures, options,…) ? They bee onbalance sheet items when a contingent event occurs. 14 OFFBalance Sheet items ? Advantages: ? Additional ine。1 THE FINANCIAL SERVICES SECTOR IN CANADA: Deposit Taking Institutions (DTI) (Based on Chapter 2of the Textbook by Saunders, Cort and McGraw) Outline 1. Importance of DTI. 2. Depositary FIs: The Banks 3. Balance Sheet 4. Credit Unions 5. Bank Regulators and regulations 6. Conclusions 2 1. Importance of DTI ? Major source of investment by individuals ? The claims on Depository Institutions (demand deposits) result on the majority of money supply ? Main channel for society’s transmission of risks and funds ? Critical to the overall payments system ? With FIs ? ↓ Information asymmetry (between lenders amp。 borrowers) ↑ Flow of funds FIs ? ↑ Savings ? ↑ Investment ? Economic growth ↑ Society’s Wellbeing 3 2. Depository Financial Institutions: The Banks ‘Play a pivotal role in the delivery of financial services and are the driving force behind Canada’s financial system’ Main Function Channel funds from savers (deposittaking) to borrowers (loans). ? Core services: deposits and loans, ? Other services: Money orders, foreign exchange, letters of credit, mortgages, financial planning, RRSPs, insurance products such as creditor life insurance and investment products. 4 Some reasons why the Cdn banking system has not been negatively affected as in the . by the subprime crisis. [Canadian Bankers Association April 2021] ? Banks in Canada are more regulated than in the . ? Canada’s banks are among the best capitalized i