資本市場和金融機構(gòu)(5)(參考版)
2025-05-17 02:19本頁面
【正文】 Less capital adequacy requirements by regulators. ?Hedge FI’s credit, interest rate and FX risks ? Risks: ? OffBS activities are for trading ? Gain or loss is based on the possible change in the market value over the life of the contract (usually less than 3% of the notional value of the contract. ? Unexpected defaults of guaranteed loans, loan mitments 15 Other sources of ine: Trust services ? Investment advisor: Asset Allocation ? ., How to balance your investment portfolio ? Estate Planning ? inheritance ? Planning for Your Retirement Years ? Why, How and When ? Act as transfer agents for government or corporate securities ? ., bankruptcies Corresponding Banking ? Services provided to other banks ? ., cheque clearing and collection, foreign exchange trading, participation in debt and security issuances. 16 4. Credit unions and caisses populaires Cooperative banks are small lending institutions anized around a particular group of individuals with a mon bond (union members or employees of a particular firm). ? They are nonprofitseeking FIs. ? They mostly provincially regulated. ? Members determine their lending and investment policies (60% in Quebec) ? Liabilities: ? Mostly Deposits by members (86%) ? Assets: ? Mortgages (48%) and personal loans (13%). 17 5. Bank Regulators ? Bank of Canada ? Responsible for the integrity of the Cdn financial system ? Office of the Superintendent of Financial Institutions (OSFI) ? Prudential Regulator to ensure safety of Fin System ? Regulates and supervises federally regulated FIs: Auditing, accounting, capital adequacy, corporate governance. ? Canada Deposit Insurance Corporation (CDIC) ? Ensures retail deposits up to $100,000 of deposit taking member FIs. ? Financial Consumer Agency of Canada (FCAC) ? Market Conduct Regulator 18 ? Bank Regulations ? Banks are heavily regulated ? Restrictions on: products, activities, ownership, investments, and capitalization ? Regular filing of financial reports. ? Periodical update of bank laws ?
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