【正文】 ard,constitute radioactive contamination,endanger the human body and living ,the radio material that has a necessity to environment carries on a often examination. There are a lot of radio examination instrument category,its basic principle according to occur various effect that between the radial and the material most in mon use detector has three currently,then the ionization detector,the flicker detector and the semiconductor detector. This text design a kind of according to MSP430 chip microprocessor carry out of harmful radial monitor instrument has main function of data collection,real time show,limen value enactment,munication,over limit to give an alarm text makes detailed represent towards hardware that includes MSP430F4250 chip microprocessor and peripheral circuit. software design of the system includes program of data collection,the number display,keyboard,the parameter enactment,the data munication etc, program development tools are both C430 integration built environment and C debugger that are developed for MSP430 series chip microprocessor by IAR pany. Keywords Environment monitor。 Harmful radial monitor。MSP430 I 目 錄 摘 要 ............................................................................................................. I Abstract .......................................................................................................II 第 1 章 緒論 ................................................................................................ 1 課題背景 ........................................................................................ 1 環(huán)境監(jiān)測的概念及其發(fā)展 ................................................... 1 我國環(huán)境監(jiān)測的現(xiàn)狀 ........................................................... 2 環(huán)境放射性監(jiān)測 ............................................................................ 4 基礎(chǔ)知識(shí) ............................................................................... 4 環(huán)境中放射性的來源和危害 ............................................... 4 監(jiān)測對象及方法 ................................................................... 5 本設(shè)計(jì)的任務(wù)、內(nèi)容和要求 ........................................................ 6 第 2 章 放射性檢測儀器原理 .................................................................... 7 放射性檢測儀器基本原理 ............................................................ 7 電離型檢測器 ................................................................................ 7 電流電離室 ........................................................................... 8 正比計(jì)數(shù)管 ........................................................................... 8 蓋革 (GM)計(jì)數(shù)管 .................................................................. 8 閃爍檢測器 .................................................................................... 9 半導(dǎo)體檢測器 .............................................................................. 10 本章小結(jié) ...................................................................................... 10 第 3 章 MSP430 單片機(jī)原理 ...................................................................11 概述 ...............................................................................................11 單片機(jī)的概念及特點(diǎn) ..........................................................11 MSP430 系列單片機(jī) ............................................................11 MSP430 單片機(jī)結(jié)構(gòu) ................................................................... 13 MSP430 結(jié)構(gòu)概述 ............................................................... 13 II MSP430CPU 結(jié)構(gòu)和特點(diǎn) ................................................... 14 MSP430 存儲(chǔ)器結(jié) 構(gòu)和地址空間 ....................................... 15 本章小結(jié) ...................................................................................... 16 第 4 章 有害射線監(jiān)測器的硬件設(shè)計(jì) ...................................................... 17 硬件原理框圖 .............................................................................. 17 MSP430F4250 簡介 ..................................................................... 17 I/O 端口 ........................................................................................ 20 端口 P1 和 P2...................................................................... 20 端口 P5 和 P6...................................................................... 22 定時(shí)器 .......................................................................................... 23 看門狗定時(shí)器 (WDT) ......................................................... 23 16 位定時(shí)器 A(Timer_A) .................................................... 24 液晶顯示 ...................................................................................... 27 段式 LCD 的基本原理 ....................................................... 27 MSP430 液晶驅(qū)動(dòng)模塊 ....................................................... 27 鍵盤功能 ...................................................................................... 28 串行通信 ...................................................................................... 29 本章小結(jié) ...................................................................................... 30 第 5 章 有害射線監(jiān)測器的軟件設(shè)計(jì) ...................................................... 31 MSP430 C 語言程序設(shè)計(jì)基礎(chǔ) .................................................... 31 脈沖計(jì)數(shù)程序設(shè)計(jì) ...................................................................... 32 鍵盤程序設(shè)計(jì) .............................................................................. 33 通訊程序設(shè)計(jì) .............................................................................. 34 定時(shí)器程序設(shè)計(jì) .......................................................................... 35 本章小結(jié) ...................................................................................... 36 結(jié) 論 .......................................................................................................... 37 參考文獻(xiàn) .................................................................................................... 38 附錄 1 .........