【正文】 動(dòng)中獲得一定的效益。并進(jìn)行了參數(shù)化建模，利用 ADAMS 提供的算法進(jìn)行了優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)。虛擬樣機(jī)技術(shù)是在計(jì)算機(jī)上建造產(chǎn)品的整體模型，對(duì)產(chǎn)品投入使用后的各種工況進(jìn)行仿真分析，預(yù)測(cè)產(chǎn)品的整體性能，進(jìn)而改進(jìn)產(chǎn)品設(shè)計(jì)，提高產(chǎn)品性能的一種新技術(shù)。該叉車的轉(zhuǎn)向機(jī)構(gòu)采用橫置液壓缸式轉(zhuǎn)向橋取代傳統(tǒng)的拉桿式轉(zhuǎn)向橋。 一般來(lái)說(shuō)，高質(zhì)量的叉車其優(yōu)越的 性能往往體現(xiàn)在高效率、低成本、高可靠性、人機(jī)工效設(shè)計(jì)好以及服務(wù)便利等諸多方面。與汽車不同 ,叉車的作業(yè)特點(diǎn)是直線行駛較少而轉(zhuǎn)向頻率較高。 叉車作為機(jī)動(dòng)工業(yè)車輛的典型機(jī)種 ,結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊 ,機(jī)動(dòng)性好 ,廣泛用于港口倉(cāng)庫(kù)、貨場(chǎng)、貨艙內(nèi)堆碼、拆垛作業(yè)。特別是隨著中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)的快速發(fā)展，大部分企業(yè)的物料搬運(yùn)已經(jīng)脫離了原始的人工搬運(yùn)，取而代之的是以叉車為主的機(jī) 械化搬運(yùn)。第二次世界大戰(zhàn)期間，叉車得到發(fā)展。廣泛應(yīng)用于車站、港口、機(jī)場(chǎng)、工廠、倉(cāng)庫(kù)等國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)各部門，是機(jī)械化裝卸、堆垛和短距離運(yùn)輸?shù)母咝гO(shè)備。廣泛應(yīng)用于車站、港口、機(jī)場(chǎng)、工廠、倉(cāng)庫(kù)等國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)各部門，是機(jī)械化裝卸、堆垛和短距離運(yùn)輸?shù)母咝гO(shè)備。 叉車國(guó)際標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化組織 ISO/TC110 稱為工業(yè)車輛。 29 優(yōu)化模型 ....................................................................................................................................................... 29 5創(chuàng)建整車模型，仿真叉車的轉(zhuǎn)向運(yùn)動(dòng)軌跡 ................................ 31 結(jié) 論 ............................................................ 33 致 謝 .............................................. 錯(cuò)誤 !未定義書簽。 Optimization design 目 錄 前 言 ............................................................. 1 1緒 論 ............................................................. 2 本文研究的背景 ...........................................................................................................................................2 虛擬樣機(jī)技術(shù) ................................................................................................................................................2 虛擬樣機(jī)技術(shù) ............................................................................................................ 3 虛擬產(chǎn)品的開發(fā)流程 ............................................................................................... 3 ADAMS 軟件的介紹 ...............................................................................................................................5 ADAMS 軟件的概述 .............................................................................................. 5 ADAMS 軟件基本模塊 ............................................................................................. 7 ADAMS 仿真分析步驟 .......................................................................................... 10 平面連桿機(jī)構(gòu) ............................................................................................................................................. 11 連桿機(jī)構(gòu)的特點(diǎn) ................................................................................................... 11 42 噸集裝箱叉車轉(zhuǎn)向機(jī)構(gòu)的連桿機(jī)構(gòu) ................................................................. 12 橫置液壓缸式轉(zhuǎn)向橋的結(jié)構(gòu)形式 .......................................................................... 12 2利用 ADAMS 對(duì)叉車轉(zhuǎn)向機(jī)構(gòu)進(jìn)行建模 ................................... 14 叉車轉(zhuǎn)向機(jī)構(gòu)的建模 .............................................................................................................................. 14 應(yīng)用 ADAMS 創(chuàng)建轉(zhuǎn)向機(jī)構(gòu)模型 ..................................................................................................... 14 啟 動(dòng) ADAMS........................................................................................................... 14 設(shè)置工作環(huán)境 .......................................................................................................... 15 創(chuàng)建設(shè)計(jì)點(diǎn) .............................................................................................................. 16 創(chuàng)建機(jī)構(gòu)的各個(gè)部件 .............................................................................................. 16 創(chuàng)建車輪和地面 ...................................................................................................... 17 保存模型 ................................................................................................................. 20 3轉(zhuǎn)向機(jī)構(gòu)的仿真 .................................................... 22 叉車轉(zhuǎn)向系統(tǒng)動(dòng)力學(xué)仿真分析系統(tǒng)前處理模塊 ....................................................................... 22 叉車轉(zhuǎn)向系統(tǒng)動(dòng)力學(xué)仿真分析系統(tǒng)分析計(jì)算模塊 .................................................................. 22 叉車轉(zhuǎn)向系統(tǒng)動(dòng)力學(xué)仿真分析系統(tǒng)后處理模塊 ....................................................................... 24 4叉車轉(zhuǎn)向機(jī)構(gòu)的優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì) ............................................ 26 4． 1 定義設(shè)計(jì)變量 ......................................................................................................................................... 26 定義目標(biāo)函數(shù) ............................................................................................................................................. 28 確定約束條件 s steering provided. And the results to optimize the design parameters to create the forklift vehicle ADAMS model, simulation results show that the effective optimal design. Key words: ADAMS； Steering system。s steering performance, the use of ADAMS, the steering mechanism on the truck the modeling and simulation, measuring the angle of the steering error。 并且 以 優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)的結(jié)果為參數(shù)在ADAMS中建立叉車的整車模型，仿真結(jié)果證明優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)的有效。基于 ADAMS 的 42 噸集裝箱叉車轉(zhuǎn)向機(jī)構(gòu)的仿真 與優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì) 摘 要 本文介紹了 42t集裝箱叉車的轉(zhuǎn)向機(jī)構(gòu)采用由橫置液壓缸組成的一組六連桿機(jī)構(gòu)，為了保證車輪轉(zhuǎn)向時(shí)作純滾動(dòng)，需對(duì)六連桿機(jī)構(gòu)優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)。 為了分析叉車的轉(zhuǎn)向性能，采用 ADAMS 軟件對(duì)叉車的轉(zhuǎn)向機(jī)構(gòu)進(jìn)行了建模仿真， 測(cè)量了該轉(zhuǎn)向機(jī)構(gòu)的轉(zhuǎn)角誤差；實(shí)現(xiàn)了轉(zhuǎn)向機(jī)構(gòu)的參數(shù)化建模，以轉(zhuǎn)向機(jī)構(gòu)的累計(jì)轉(zhuǎn)角誤差最小為目標(biāo)函數(shù)對(duì)轉(zhuǎn)向機(jī)構(gòu)進(jìn)行了優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)， 并建立了叉車的整車模型，測(cè)量了叉車的外轉(zhuǎn)向輪誤差和整車模型的轉(zhuǎn)向半徑變化曲線，為分析叉車的轉(zhuǎn)向性能提供了依據(jù)。 關(guān)鍵字 ： ADAMS；轉(zhuǎn)向機(jī)構(gòu)；仿真；優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì) Abstract This article describes the 42t container forklift steering hydraulic cylinder used by the tap of a group posed of sixbar linkage, in order to ensure the steering wheel, made of pure rolling, the need for optimization of sixbar linkage design. To analyze the forklift39。 to achieve a steering mechanism of the parametric modeling, the steering angle error of the cumulative goal of minimizing function of the steering mechanism was optimized, and the establishment of a forklift vehicle model, measured outside the steering wheel forklift model error and the vehicle turning radius curve, analysis of the forklift39。 simulation。 參考文獻(xiàn) ........................................................... 34 1 前 言 叉車是指對(duì)成件托盤貨物進(jìn)行裝卸