【正文】 , fi re, radi ati on (by bei ng cl ose to high heat or fi re, etc), the sun, el ectri ci ty or chem i cal s. Types of burns There are three types of burns. Burns are cal l ed fi rst, second, or thi rd degree burns, depending on whi ch l ayers of the ski n are burned. Fi rst degree burns These affect onl y the top l ayer of the ski n. These burns are not seri ous and shoul d feel better wi thi n a day or two. Exam pl es i nclude m il d sunburn and burns caused by touchi ng a hot pan, stove or i ron for a moment. Second degree burns These affect both the top and the second l ayer of the ski n. These burns are seri ous and take a few weeks to heal. Exam pl es i ncl ude severe sunburn and burns caused by hot l i qui ds. Thi rd degree burns These affect al l three l ayers of the ski n and any ti sue and ans under the skin. Exam pl es i ncl ude burns caused by el ectri c shocks, burni ng cl othes, or severe petrol fires. These burns cause very severe i njuri es and the vi cti m m ust go to hospital at once. Characteri sti cs of burns First degree burns ●dry, red and mi l dl y swol en ● mi l dl y pai nful ● turn whi te when pressed Second degree burns ● rough, red and swol en ● bl i sters ● watery surface ● extrem el y pai nful Thi rd degree burns ● bl ack and whi te and chared ● swol l en。strongl y i nfl uence hi s li fe as a journal ist. H X: Wel e. We?re deli ghted you?re i ng to work wi th us. Your fi rst job here wil l be an assistant journali st. Do you have any questi ons? ZY: Can I go out on a story imm edi atel y? H X: (l aughi ng)That?s adm irabl e, but I?m afrai d i t woul d be unusual ! Wai t til l you?re m ore experienced. Fi rst we?l l put you as an assi stant to an experi enced journali st. Later you can cover a story and subm it the arti cl e yoursel f. ZY: Wonderful. What do I need to take wi th m e? I al ready have a notebook and cam era. H X: N o ned for a cam era. You?l l have a profesi onal photographer wi th you to take photographs. You?l l fi nd your col eagues very eager to asi st you, so you m ay be abl e to concentrate on photography l ater i f you ?re i nterested. ZY: Thank you. Not onl y am I i nterested i n photography, but I tok an am ateur course at uni versity to update m y ski l s. H X: Good. ZY: What do I need to rem em ber when I go out to cover a story? H X: You need to be curi ous. Onl y if you ask m any di ferent questi ons wil you acqui re al l the i nform ation you need to know. We say a good journali st m ust have a good “nose” for a story. That m eans you m ust be abl e to asess when peopl e are not tel li ng the whol e truth and then try to di scover i t. They m ust use research to inform them sel ves of the m i ssi ng parts of the story. ZY: What shoul d I keep i n mi nd? H X: H ere es m y li st of dos and don?ts: don?t mi ss your deadl i ne, don?t be rude, don?t tal k too much, but make sure you li sten to the i ntervi ewee careful y. ZY: Why i s l isteni ng so i mportant? H X: Wel l, you have to l i sten for detail ed facts. Meanwhi le you have to prepare the next questi on depending on what the person says. ZY: But how can I li sten careful y whil e taki ng notes? H X: This i s a tri ck of the trade. If the i ntervi ewee agrees, you can use a recorder to get the facts strai ght. It?s al so useful i f a person wants to chal l enge you. You have the evi dence to support your story. ZY: I see! H ave you ever had a case where som eone accused your journali sts of getti ng the wrong end of the sti ck? H X: Yes, but i t was a l ong tim e ago. Thi s i s how the story goes. A fotbal er was accused of taki ng m oney for del i beratel y not scoring goal s so as to l et the other team wi n. We went to i ntervi ew hi m. H e denied taki ng m oney but we were skepti cal . So we arranged an i ntervi ew between the footbal l er and the man supposed to bri be him. When we saw them together we guessed from the footbal er?s body l anguage that he was not tel li ng the truth. So we wrote an arti cl e suggesti ng he was gui lty. It was a di l emm a because the footbal l er coul d have demanded dam ages i f we were wrong. H e tried to stop us publ i shi ng it but later we were proved ri ght. ZY: Wow! That was a real “scop”. I?m l ooki ng forward to m y first assi gnm ent now. Perhaps I?l l get a scoop too! H X: Perhaps you wil l. You never know. GETTING TH E “SCOOP” “qui ck, ” sai d the editor. “Get that story ready. We need i t i n thi s edi ti on to be ahead of the other newspapers. Thi s i s a scoop. ” Zou Yang had just e back i nto the ofi ce after an intervi ew wi th a fam ous fi lm star. “Di d he real y do that?” asked som eone from the Internati onal N ews Departm ent. “Yes, I?m afrai d he di d, ” Zhou Yang answered. H e set to work. Hi s fi rst task was to wri te hi s story, but he had to do i t careful y. Al though he reali zed the m an had been l yi ng, Zhou Yang knew he m ust not accuse him di rectl y. H e woul d have to be accurate, Conci se too! H e knew how to do that. Months of trai ni ng had taught him to wri te wi th no wasted words or phrases. H e sat down at hi s puter and began to work. The fi rst person who saw his arti cl e was a seni or editor from hi s departm ent,. H e checked the evi dence, read the arti cl e and pased i t on to the copyedi tor. She began to edit the pi ece and desi gn the m ai n headl i ne and sm al er headi ng. “Thi s wi l l ook very good on the page, ” she sai d. “Where i s a good pi cture of thi s m an?” Then as the arti cle was goi ng to be wri tten i n Engl i sh Zhou Yang al so tok a copy to the nati ve speaker em ployed by the newspaper to poli sh the styl e. She was also very happy wi th Zhou Yang?s story. “You are real y abl e to wri te a good front page arti cl e,” she sai d. Zhou Yang sm il ed wi th happi ness. Last of al , the chi ef edi tor read i