【正文】 法。 目前，大多數(shù)工廠在生產(chǎn)中 憑經(jīng)驗(yàn)或參考切削用量手冊(cè)來選擇切削用量，這往往達(dá)不到切削參數(shù)的最優(yōu)選。近年來，隨著數(shù)控 ((NC)技術(shù)的普遍應(yīng)用，以及各種先進(jìn)制造技術(shù)的迅速發(fā)展，生產(chǎn)輔助時(shí)間大大降低，相應(yīng)地，切削時(shí)間所占的比重就大大提高。 由于在數(shù)控加工過程中，特別是復(fù)雜曲面加工過程中，切削條件不是一成不變的，但在目前的數(shù)控加工中大都是人為的選擇保守的切削參數(shù)，并且在加工過程中保持切削參數(shù)不變，從而大大降低了數(shù)控機(jī)床的生產(chǎn)效率。由于球頭銑刀是復(fù)雜曲面加工的主要刀具，球頭銑刀切削力是選擇機(jī)床、刀具、夾具及實(shí)現(xiàn)銑削加工工藝參數(shù)優(yōu)化的基礎(chǔ)。 數(shù)控加工刀具運(yùn)動(dòng)軌跡是確定數(shù)控加工工藝的重要環(huán)節(jié)。 I 數(shù)控加工切削參數(shù)優(yōu)化分析 摘 要 近年來，數(shù)控技術(shù)正向著高效率、高精度和高智能化方向快速發(fā)展。因此，為提高數(shù)控機(jī)床的自動(dòng)化生產(chǎn)程度，以精度和效率為目標(biāo)，優(yōu)化各種數(shù)控加工的參數(shù)，并把優(yōu)化的參數(shù)進(jìn)行優(yōu)選，是一個(gè)既緊迫又極具有實(shí)際意義的問題。刀具運(yùn)動(dòng)軌跡設(shè)計(jì)質(zhì)量的好壞，將直接影響零件的加工質(zhì)量及加工成本。故本文對(duì)球頭銑刀的運(yùn)動(dòng)軌跡優(yōu)選進(jìn)行了理論研究 。 在數(shù)控加工中，正確合理地選擇切削參數(shù)對(duì)確保產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量、提高生產(chǎn)率、降低生產(chǎn)成本起著十分重要的作用。因此縮短切削加工時(shí)間，對(duì)提高生產(chǎn)效率起著非常重要的作用。運(yùn)用現(xiàn)代切削理論、數(shù)學(xué)建模和模型分析方法尋求切削參數(shù)的最優(yōu)組合，是切削參數(shù)選擇的一個(gè)重要方向。詳細(xì)給出了求取優(yōu)化的切削用量的框圖和實(shí)際例子。 關(guān)鍵詞 :數(shù)控，優(yōu)化，工藝參數(shù)，切削用 量 II CNC machining parameter optimization analysis ABSTRACT In recent years, digital technology is toward highefficiency, high precision and high intelligent direction rapidly. Therefore, in order to improve the degree of automation of CNC machine tools, precision and efficiency as the goal to optimize a variety of CNC machining parameters and the optimized parameters were optimized, is both urgent and very practical significance. CNC machining tool is to determine the trajectory of an important part of CNC machining process. Tool trajectory design quality is good or bad, will directly affect the quality of the machining and processing costs. Since ball mill is the main plex surface machining tool, ball milling cutting force is to select tools, tools, fixtures and the milling process parameters optimization. Therefore, this paper trajectory ball mill is preferably carried out a theoretical study. As the CNC machining process, especially in plex surface machining process, the cutting conditions is not static, but in the current NC machining mostly artificial selection conservative cutting parameters, and in the process of cutting parameters remain unchanged, thus greatly reduced the productivity of CNC machine tools. In CNC machining, cutting parameters correctly reasonable choice to ensure the product quality, increase productivity, reduce production costs plays a very important role. In recent years, with the NC ((NC) technology, widely used, and a variety of advanced manufacturing technology is developing rapidly, production assistant time greatly reduced, and accordingly, the proportion of cutting time is greatly improved. Therefore shorten machining time, to improve production efficiency plays a very important role. Currently, most of the factories in the production of cutting experience or reference manual to select cutting, which often reach the most preferred cutting parameters. The use of modern cutting theory, mathematical modeling and model analysis approach seeks optimal bination of cutting parameters, cutting parameter selection is an important direction. Here mainly discussed the machining on CNC machine tools, the strike cutting optimization methods. Given in detail to strike the optimal cutting diagram and practical examples. Canada presents a cutting process parameters optimization method, obtained by this method can effectively cutting parameters improve processing efficiency, the craft workers from a lot of manual labor freed duplication and achieve cutting parameters selected scientific rationalization, standardization for enterprises to create a good economic benefits. III KEY WORDS： NC, optimization, process parameters, cuttiing IV 目 錄 摘 要 .................................................................... I ABSTRACT ................................................................ II 1 緒論 ................................................................... 1 本文選題目的及意義 ................................................ 1 數(shù)控加工刀具運(yùn)動(dòng)軌跡的研究 ........................................ 2 工藝參數(shù)優(yōu)化的研究 ................................................ 2 數(shù)控加工在線參數(shù)優(yōu)化的國(guó)內(nèi)外發(fā)展?fàn)顩r ........................ 3 數(shù)控加工離線參數(shù)優(yōu)化的國(guó)內(nèi)外發(fā)展?fàn)顩r ........................ 4 本文研究的主要內(nèi)容 ................................................ 5 2 基于加工工藝參數(shù)的刀具優(yōu)選 ............................................. 6 數(shù)控銑削刀具優(yōu)選 .................................................. 6 銑刀刀片的選擇 .............................................. 6 銑刀刀體的選擇 .............................................. 7 切削時(shí)冷卻和涂層的選擇 ...................................... 7 順銑和逆銑的選擇 ............................................ 8 數(shù)控車削刀具優(yōu)選 .................................................. 9 車刀 的選用步驟 .............................................. 9 刀片材料和切削線速度 ........................................ 9 內(nèi)孔車刀桿的選擇基本原則 ................................... 10 數(shù)控膛削刀具優(yōu)選 ................................................. 10 刀具轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng) ................................................... 10 刀具的顛振 ................................................. 11 刀具的裝夾 ................................................. 11 切屑的排出 ................................................. 12 數(shù)控鉆削刀具優(yōu)選 ................................................. 12 刀具幾何參數(shù)的合理選擇 ........................................... 12 刀具合理幾何參數(shù) ........................................... 12 刀具合理幾何參數(shù)選擇的一般原則 ............................. 13 3 數(shù)控切削加工工藝參數(shù)優(yōu)化走刀模型的建立 ................................ 14 引言 ............................................................. 14 數(shù)控切削加工刀具的切削運(yùn)動(dòng) ....................................... 14 二維數(shù)控切削加工刀具切削運(yùn)動(dòng)軌跡 ........................... 14 三維型腔數(shù)控銑削加工 ....................................... 17 V 球頭銑刀加工平、曲面切削力建模 ................................... 21 球頭銑刀銑削參數(shù) ........................................... 21 球頭銑刀銑削 行距與殘留高度的相互關(guān)系 ............