【正文】 ..................................... 6 操作壓力 ............................................................................................................. 7 二、流程的確定和說明 ..................................................................................................... 8 加料方式 ............................................................................................................. 8 進(jìn)料狀態(tài) ............................................................................................................. 8 冷凝方式 ............................................................................................................. 8 加熱方式 ............................................................................................................. 9 三、設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算 ................................................................................................................... 9 最小回流比及操作回流比的確定 .......................................................................... 9 原料液的摩爾組成： ................................................................................................. 9 fx =................................................................................................................. 9 進(jìn)料液量、釜?dú)堃毫考凹訜嵴羝康挠?jì)算 ...........................................................11 理 論塔板層數(shù)的確定 ...........................................................................................11 全塔效率的估算 ..................................................................................................12 實(shí)際塔板數(shù) PN ...................................................................................................14 四、工藝計(jì)算 ..................................................................................................................14 操作壓力 ..........................................................................................................14 平均摩爾質(zhì)量 ....................................................................................................15 平均密度 ...........................................................................................................15 液相表面平均張力的計(jì)算 ....................................................................................18 物性數(shù)據(jù)總匯 .....................................................................................................21 五、塔體工藝尺寸計(jì)算 ....................................................................................................21 塔徑的計(jì)算 .........................................................................................................21 精餾塔有效高度計(jì)算 ...........................................................................................24 溢流裝置計(jì)算 .....................................................................................................25 塔板布置及篩孔數(shù)目與排列 ................................................................................27 六、 塔板流體力學(xué)驗(yàn)算 ..................................................................................................29 氣相通過篩板塔板的壓降 .................................................................................29 液泛 .................................................................................................................30 物沫夾帶 ...........................................................................................................31 漏液 ..................................................................................................................31 七、塔板負(fù)荷性能圖 .......................................................................................................32 漏液線 ................................................................................................................32 液沫夾帶線 .........................................................................................................33 液相負(fù)荷下限線 ..................................................................................................33 液相負(fù)荷上限線 ..................................................................................................34 液泛線 ...............................................................................................................34 八、設(shè)計(jì)一覽表 ..............................................................................................................37 5 一、概述 篩板精餾塔是化學(xué)工業(yè)中常用的傳質(zhì)設(shè)備之一。板式塔內(nèi)設(shè)置一定數(shù)量的塔板，氣體以鼓泡或噴射形式穿過板上的液層，進(jìn)行傳質(zhì)與傳熱。氣體在壓差推動(dòng)下，經(jīng)均布在塔板上的開孔由下而上穿過各層塔板后由塔頂排出 ，在每塊塔板上皆貯有一定的液體，氣體穿過板上液層時(shí)兩相接觸進(jìn)行傳質(zhì)。整個(gè)過程熵增為負(fù)，需外界提供能量。據(jù)統(tǒng)計(jì) ,在整