【正文】 Abstract Abstract Hydrochloric acid is widely used in steel, electroplating and steel structure in the process of the acid, Also used to chemical medicine, rare earth in production, etc. Iron synthesis furnace production hydrochloric acid is the present domestic most LvJianChang general use in production technology, Though the absorption process several change, At present most used falling film tower, packed tower level 2 or 3 absorb legal hydrochloric acid. This design there are three main elements: one is the material balance the process of hydrochloric acid synthesis, thermal balance, the second is the synthesizer was equipment sizing calculations and calculation of heat transfer of falling film absorber area, finally drawing a flow chart. This paper reviewed the hydrochloric acid production status and progress, Analyzes the advantages of existing units and the existing problems. To solve these problems, the demand with subject, the existing production technology was improved processing, design the hydrochloric acid device production craft, the design to a certain extent the process of the existing overe defects. Keywords: hydrochloric acid synthesis furnace Process design 沈陽化工大學(xué)科亞學(xué)院學(xué)士學(xué)位論文 目錄 目 錄 目錄 ....................................................... 2 引 言 ...................................................... 2 第一章 文獻(xiàn)綜述 ............................................ 2 研究背景 ........................................... 2 鹽酸的性質(zhì)特點(diǎn)及應(yīng)用 ............................ 2 鹽酸的工藝歷史 .................................. 2 鹽 酸的生產(chǎn) ...................................... 3 ............................... 4 鹽酸的吸收工藝及存在的問題 ........................... 5 鹽酸吸收系統(tǒng)的作用 .............................. 5 吸收工藝流程簡(jiǎn)述 ................................ 5 吸收過程存在的問題 .............................. 5 第二章 產(chǎn)品的性質(zhì)及其它 .................................... 7 產(chǎn)品性質(zhì) ............................................ 7 物理性質(zhì) ....................................... 7 化學(xué)性質(zhì) ....................................... 7 產(chǎn)品規(guī)格 ....................................... 8 主要指標(biāo)測(cè)定方法 ................................ 8 性能與用途 ...................................... 8 產(chǎn)品包裝、運(yùn)輸及貯存 ............................ 9 主要原料的性能與規(guī)格 ................................. 9 原料的物化性質(zhì) .................................. 9 主要生產(chǎn)工藝過程的基本原理 ..................... 11 沈陽化工大學(xué)科亞學(xué)院學(xué)士學(xué)位論文 目錄 生產(chǎn)工序及生產(chǎn)流程 ................................. 12 氫氣與氯氣的來源 ............................... 12 氯化氫合成 ..................................... 12 氯化氫的吸收 ................................... 12 產(chǎn)品的貯存輸送和包裝 ........................... 13 .................................... 13 基本原則 ....................................... 13 壓力容器安全使用條件 ........................... 13 安全檢修 ....................................... 13 防火防爆 ....................................... 13 主要安全技術(shù)指標(biāo) ............................... 13 工業(yè)衛(wèi)生及防護(hù) ................................. 14 環(huán)保處理措施 ................................... 14 環(huán)保指標(biāo) ....................................... 14 第三章 物料衡算 ........................................... 15 ............................................ 15 ...................................... 16 出爐氯化氫的量 ................................. 16 滿足生產(chǎn) 2Cl 的量 ................................ 16 進(jìn)合成爐 2H 的量 ................................ 16 進(jìn)合成爐 CO的量 ................................ 16 進(jìn)合成爐 2CO 的量 ................................ 16 進(jìn)合成爐 2O 的量 ................................. 17 進(jìn)合成爐 2N 的量 ................................ 17 進(jìn)合成爐 ? ?2HOg 的量 ............................ 17 沈陽化工大學(xué)科亞學(xué)院學(xué)士學(xué)位論文 目錄 合成爐內(nèi)發(fā)生的化學(xué)變化如下 ..................... 18 合成爐物料衡算總結(jié) ............................ 18 ................................ 20 鹽酸濃度計(jì)算 ................................... 20 產(chǎn)品酸質(zhì)量核驗(yàn) ................................. 20 第四章 能量衡算 ........................................... 21 .............................. 21 ...................................... 21 基礎(chǔ)數(shù)據(jù)及條件 ................................. 21 進(jìn)口各股氣體能量計(jì)算 ........................... 21 進(jìn)口各股氣體總能量 ............................. 23 出口氣體能量計(jì)算 ............................... 23 出口氣體總能量計(jì)算 ............................. 24 合成爐能量衡算 ................................. 24 .............................. 24 一段塔基礎(chǔ)數(shù)據(jù)及條件 ........................... 24 一段塔進(jìn)口能量計(jì)算 ............................. 25 一段塔進(jìn)口總能量計(jì)算 ........................... 26 一段塔出口能量計(jì)算 ............................. 26 一段塔出口總能量計(jì)算 ........................... 27 一段塔稀酸的能量計(jì)算 ........................... 28 一段塔溶 解熱計(jì)算 ............................... 28 一段塔總能量計(jì)算 ............................... 29 一段塔冷卻水用量計(jì)算 .......................... 29 .............................. 29 沈陽化工大學(xué)科亞學(xué)院學(xué)士學(xué)位論文 目錄 二段塔基礎(chǔ)數(shù)據(jù)及條件 ........................... 29 二段塔進(jìn)口能量計(jì)算 ............................. 29 二段塔進(jìn)口總能量計(jì)算 ........................... 30 二段塔出口能量計(jì)算 ............................. 30 二段塔出口總能量計(jì)算 ........................... 32 二段塔進(jìn)出口能量計(jì)算 ........................... 32 二段塔稀酸的能量計(jì)算 ........................... 32 二段塔溶解熱計(jì)算 ............................... 32 二段塔能量衡算 ................................. 32 二段塔冷卻水出口溫度 .......................... 32 .............................. 33 三段塔基礎(chǔ)條件 ................................. 33 三段塔進(jìn)口能量計(jì)算 ............................. 33 三段塔進(jìn)口總能量計(jì)算 ........................... 34 三段塔出口能量計(jì)算 ............................. 34 三段稀酸能量計(jì)算 ............................... 35 三段塔溶解熱計(jì)算 ............................... 35 三段塔能量衡算 ................................. 35 第五章 設(shè)備