外文翻譯--感應(yīng)電動(dòng)機(jī)的起動(dòng)方法和問(wèn)題-其他專業(yè)-展示頁(yè)
2025-01-31 10:09本頁(yè)面
【正文】 幾種常見(jiàn)方法：全電壓，降低電壓， Y 形三角洲，和部分繞組類型。本文將最常用的起動(dòng)方法和推薦的應(yīng)用研究。錯(cuò)誤的電容器的使用可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致重大損失。降壓起動(dòng)可以降低起動(dòng)轉(zhuǎn)矩，防止損壞負(fù)載。INDUCTION MOTOR STARTING METHODS AND ISSUES 感應(yīng)電動(dòng)機(jī)的起動(dòng)方法和問(wèn)題 Abstract Many methods can be used to start large AC induction motors. Choices such as full voltage, reduced voltage either by autotransformer or Wyes Delta, a soft starter, or usage of an adjustable speed drive can all have potential advantages and trade offs. Reduced voltage starting can lower the starting torque and help prevent damage to the load. Additionally, power factor correction capacitors can be used to reduce the current, but care must be taken to size them properly. Usage of the wrong capacitors can lead to significant damage. Choosing the proper starting method for a motor will include an analysis of the power system as well as the starting load to ensure that the motor is designed to deliver the needed performance while minimizing its cost. This paper will examine the most mon starting methods and their remended applications. 摘要 ： 許多方法可用于啟動(dòng)大型交流感應(yīng)電動(dòng)機(jī)。選擇如全電壓，通過(guò)自耦變壓器或 Y 形三角電壓降低，軟起動(dòng)器，或可調(diào)速驅(qū)動(dòng)器的使用都可以有潛在的優(yōu)勢(shì)和權(quán)衡。此外，校正電容器 可用于降低功率因數(shù)，但必須注意正確的尺寸。選擇適當(dāng)?shù)膯?dòng)方法，電機(jī)將包括為保證電機(jī)的設(shè)計(jì)提供了所需的性能的同時(shí)，最大限度地降低其成本的初始荷載的動(dòng)力系統(tǒng)分析。 Index Terms: motor starting. Reduced voltage start auto transformer, wyesdelta, power factor correction 索引條款：電動(dòng)機(jī)起動(dòng)。低電壓型可包括固態(tài)啟動(dòng)器，變頻驅(qū)動(dòng)器，和自耦變壓器。每種方法都有其自身的利益，以及性能的權(quán)衡。 In order for the load to be accelerated, the motor must generate greater torque than the load requirement. In general there are three points of interest on the motor39。一般有三點(diǎn)對(duì)電機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)速的扭矩曲線的興趣。二是拉轉(zhuǎn)矩（放），定義為最小轉(zhuǎn)矩由電動(dòng)機(jī)在加速期從其余的速度，轉(zhuǎn)矩發(fā)生。如果這些點(diǎn)所需的負(fù)荷曲線的下方，然后電機(jī)不能啟動(dòng)。一般來(lái)說(shuō)，越需要電機(jī)的加速負(fù)載時(shí)，其會(huì)在轉(zhuǎn)子產(chǎn)生更多的熱量，短路環(huán)和定子繞組。 II. FULL VOLTAGE The full voltage starting method, also known as across the line starting, is the easiest method to employ, has the lowest equipment costs, and is the most reliable. This method utilizes a control to close a contactor and apply full line voltage to the motor terminals. This method will allow the motor to generate its highest starting torque and provide the shortest acceleration times. This method also puts the highest strain on the power system due to the high starting currents that can be typically six to seven times the normal full load current of the motor. If the motor is on a weak power system, the sudden high power draw can cause a temporary voltage drop, not only at the motor terminals, but the entire power bus feeding the starting motor. This voltage drop will cause a drop in the starting torque of the motor, and a drop in the torque of any other motor running on the power bus. The torque developed by an induction motor varies roughly as the square of the applied voltage. Therefore, depending on the amount of voltage drop, motors running on this weak power bus could stall. In addition, many control systems monitor under voltage conditions, a second potential problem that could take a running motor offline during a full voltage start. Besides electrical variation of the power bus, a potential physical disadvantage of an across the line starting is the sudden loading seen by the driven equipment. This shock loading due to transient torques which can exceed 600% of the locked rotor torque can increase the wear on the equipment, or even cause a catastrophic failure if the load can not handle the torques generated by the motor during staring. II。該方法利用一控制關(guān)閉接觸器應(yīng)用全電壓的電機(jī)端子。這種方法也提出了最高的菌株對(duì)電力系統(tǒng)由于高的起動(dòng)電流，一般可以在六到七倍的電機(jī)電流正常滿負(fù)荷。此電壓下降將導(dǎo)致電機(jī)的起動(dòng)轉(zhuǎn)矩下降，下降和轉(zhuǎn)矩的任何其他電機(jī)電源總線上運(yùn)行。因此，根據(jù)電壓下降量，電機(jī)在這一弱勢(shì)客車運(yùn)行可能失速。除了電源總線的電性變化，一個(gè)潛在的直接起動(dòng)的物理缺點(diǎn)的驅(qū)動(dòng)設(shè)備，看到突然加載。 A. Capacitors and Starting Induction motors typically have very low power factor during starting and as a result have very large reactive power draw. See Fig. 2. This effect on the system can be reduced by adding capacitors to the motor during starting. 答：電容起動(dòng)異步電動(dòng)機(jī)通常有非常低的功率因數(shù)在起動(dòng)和結(jié)果具有非常大的功畫。這對(duì)系統(tǒng)的影響可以通過(guò)增加電容器的電機(jī)起動(dòng)時(shí)降低。t create any measurable output, but is rather the energy required for the motor to function. The product of the applied system volta
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