【正文】 examining the brain with his team.B.s study could help people who have a brain injury that affects speaking and writing. This knowledge can also help those who have learning disabilities such as dyslexia (閱讀障礙). People with dyslexia have difficulty recognizing words and symbols accurately.（1）How did Ullman study human39。t have to think about the grammar rules before speaking.s brain. such as how you learn to ride a bicycle. Or, Ullman adds, These procedural memory skills bee so deeply leaned that we are no longer aware that we are doing them.Oh, remember what you said last night39。 Declarative memory, in humans at least, is what we think of as learning memory39。 processed in two ancient learning and memory systems in the brain. Ullman says his research shows that the human brain does not have a special area or system for making language. Over time we have simply reused or coopted (指派) parts of our brain for language. And those parts, he says, are ancientolder even than humans themselves. A new study from brain researchers helps explain how the human brain evolved or changed over time, to permit people to speak and write.高二英語(yǔ)閱讀理解(科普環(huán)保)題20套(帶答案)及解析一、高中英語(yǔ)閱讀理解科普環(huán)保類1．犇犇閱讀短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。 Michael Ullman, the lead researcher, a professor at Georgetown University Medical School in Washington, , has been studying language learning for more than 20 years. This study examines the theoretical framework (準(zhǔn)則) that language is learned, stored and39。 Ullman, Hamrick and the rest of the team looked at data from 16 other studies on language. They found that people learn language using two memory systems: declarative and procedural. Memorizing vocabulary, for example, is a declarative memory process. But learning grammar is, mostly, a procedural memory process., such as, 39。 or things like that. And procedural motor memory is what we often call motor memory39。 However, Ullman explains that the two longterm memory systems can share tasks. And, he adds, the adult brain uses the systems to learn language a bit differently than a child39。 Adult language learners of a second language may use their declarative memory for using grammar patterns. They think about it purposefully. For a child, the grammar may e more naturally. They don39。 In addition to language learners, Ullman39。s memory systems? A.By studying language learning over years.C.By referring to data from other studies on language.（2）Which of the following is an example of motor memory? A.Remembering the grammar patternsC.Memorizing what you read.（3）What does the underlined word it refer to? A.An adult language learner.C.A second language.（4）What39。Ullman has advanced our language understanding.B.Learning memory is more active than motor memory.D.在最古老的大腦學(xué)習(xí)記憶區(qū)域，陳述性記憶和運(yùn)動(dòng)記憶分工合作，來完成語(yǔ)言學(xué)習(xí)。根據(jù)第五段中的“Ullman, Hamrick and the rest of the team looked at data from 16 other studies on language.”可知，該團(tuán)隊(duì)通過研究其他語(yǔ)言學(xué)習(xí)的成果，得出的結(jié)論，故選D。根據(jù)第六段中的And procedural motor memory is what we often call motor memory39。 （3）考查詞義猜測(cè)。所以it是指代using grammar patterns，故選C。根據(jù)第三段中的“Ullman says his research shows that the human brain does not have a special area or system for making language. Over time we have simply reused or coopted (指派) parts of our brain for language.”以及全文可知，人類的語(yǔ)言學(xué)習(xí)是由大腦前區(qū)完成的，該區(qū)域早于人類本身。 【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，詞義猜測(cè)，推理判斷和主旨大意四個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇科研類閱讀，要求考生在捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。 s ears to help them detect the sound of approaching insects. However, Prof Hadany said a plant39。 But the study, published on the openscience website BioRxiv, suggests the efforts of gardeners who talk to their plants may not be in vain. Plants39。 A monthlong experiment conducted by the Royal Horticultural Society in 2009 found female voices appear to speed up the growth of tomatoes. The research offers a possible explanation — women39。s evening primrose flowers39。 buzz? A.Sweeter nectar.C.Less fluid.（2）Where can plants grow better according to Hadany? A.Beside a highway.C.Along the street.（3）What can we infer from the research? A.Plants can only potentially hear animals.C.Plants gardeners talk to frequently develop well.（4）What does the text mainly talk about? A.Bees are best pollinators.C.t grow without sound.Women39。 growth.【答案】 （1）B（2）C（3）D（4）A 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了人與植物的交流可以促其生長(zhǎng)。根據(jù)第二段中的“When the researchers played recordings of flying bees to evening primrose flowers, within three minutes the sugar concentrations in the nectar (花蜜) of its flowers increased.”可知，蜜蜂飛到夜來香花，在三分鐘內(nèi)其花朵花蜜的糖的濃度會(huì)增加，所以花蜜會(huì)更甜。 （2）考查推理判斷。s ability to respond to pollinators may be weakened in city environments or beside a busy road. ”哈達(dá)尼教授認(rèn)為，植物對(duì)傳粉者做出反應(yīng)的能力可能會(huì)在城市環(huán)境或繁忙道路旁減弱。故選C。根據(jù)第四段中的“But the study, published on the openscience website BioRxiv, suggests the efforts of gardeners who talk to their plants may not be in vain.”研究表明，園丁們和他們的植物交談的努力可能不會(huì)白費(fèi)。故選D。根據(jù)第一段“Gardeners such as Prince Charles who claim that talking to plants encourages them to grow have long been seen as a little silly. But scientists have discovered evidence which suggests the Royal may actually be right and they could be listening to him. Biologists at Tel Aviv University in Israel have found that flowers can act as a plant39。故選A。3．犇犇閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。 Throughout much of human history, man has been the measure of many, if not all, things. Lengths were divided up into feet and smaller units from the human hand. Other measures were equally characteristic. Mediterranean traders for centuries used the weight of grains of wheat to define (定義) their units of mass. The Romans used libra, forerunner of the pound, by referring to the weight of a carob (角豆樹) seed.s foot, used in France for nearly 1, 000 years after its introduction