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句子中,如果有兩個(gè)名詞,并且后一個(gè)名詞是對(duì)前一個(gè)名詞的解釋說明,它們兩個(gè)指的是同一個(gè)人或同一個(gè)物,那么,后面的名詞就叫前面名詞的同位語。 注意:because,as if 和 as though在名詞性從句中只能引導(dǎo)表語從句?! t looks as if it is going to rain. 看上去天要下雨了?! he fact is that we have lost the game. 事實(shí)是我們已經(jīng)輸了這場(chǎng)比賽。 We found it impossible that the so much work will be finidhed in one day. 我們發(fā)現(xiàn)一天之內(nèi)完成這項(xiàng)工作不可能?! e must never think (that) we are good in everything while others are good in nothing. 我們決不能認(rèn)為自己什么都好,別人什么都不好?! ?. 賓語從句 在整個(gè)句子中用作賓語的從句叫賓語從句?! t作形式主語:有時(shí)為避免句子頭重腳輕,常用形式主語it代替主語從句作形式主語放于句首,而把主語從句置于句末。 It is known to us how he became a writer. 我們都知道他是如何成為一名作家的?! ∫? 名詞性從句的連接詞 引導(dǎo)名詞性從句的連接詞可分為四類: 1. that(無含義,不充當(dāng)成分) 2. whether, if(有“是否”的含義,但不充當(dāng)成分) 3. 連接代詞:what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whomever,whose, which,whichever.(在從句中做主語、賓語、表語和定語) 連接副詞:when, whenever,where,wherever, how, however,why(在從句中做狀語) 4. as if,as though,because(不充當(dāng)成分,在名詞性從句中只引導(dǎo)表語從句) 二. 四類名詞性從句語法要點(diǎn) 在整個(gè)句子中用作主語的從句叫主語從句。 【語法總結(jié)】 名詞性從句 在句子中起名詞作用的句子叫名詞性從句 (Noun Clauses)。 9. Dick found himself walking in the direction of the church. 迪克發(fā)現(xiàn)自己不知不覺朝教堂方向走去。 7. And it was the ship that brought you to England. 正是那艘船把你帶到了英國?! ?. Permit me to say a few words. 請(qǐng)?jiān)试S我說幾句話?! 菊Z法總結(jié)】情態(tài)動(dòng)詞(詳見第一單元語法總結(jié))Unit3 The Miliion Pound Bank Note 【重點(diǎn)詞匯、短語】 1. bring up 撫養(yǎng) 2. scene 現(xiàn)場(chǎng),景色 3. permit 許可,通行證 4. go ahead 前進(jìn) 5. by accident 偶然 6. stare 凝視,盯著看 7. stare at 盯著看 8. spot 發(fā)現(xiàn),認(rèn)出,斑點(diǎn),污點(diǎn) 9. account 說明,總計(jì)有,賬目, 10. account for 導(dǎo)致,做出解釋 11. seek 探索,尋求 12. contrary 反面,對(duì)立面 13. on the contrary 與此相反 14. take a chance 冒險(xiǎn) 15. in rags 衣衫襤褸 16. indeed 真正地 17. as for 關(guān)于,至于 【重點(diǎn)句型】 1. Have you ever made a bet with your friends? 你曾和你的朋友們打過賭嗎? 2. Did he help you by accident or on purose? 他是碰巧還是有意幫你? 3. I wonder, Mr Smith, if/whether you’d mind us moving your flowers outdoors. 史密斯先生,我不知道你是否介意我們把你的花移到室外去?! ?. I have a lot of work to do. 我有很多工作要做。 7. We were surprised at finding the house empty. 我們發(fā)現(xiàn)這個(gè)房子空無一人,感到驚訝?! ?. Which food contains more sugar? 哪一種食物含有更多的糖? 4. What could have happened? 可能發(fā)生了什么事? 5. Something terrible must have happened if Maochang was not ing to eat with him as he always did. 要是茂昌不像往常那樣和他一起吃飯,那問題一定嚴(yán)重了。Unit2 Healthy eating 【重點(diǎn)詞匯、短語】 1. diet 日常飲食,節(jié)食 2. balance 平衡,天平 3. fry 油炸 4. ought to 應(yīng)該 5. lose weigh 減肥 6. raw 生的,未加工的 7. get away with 被放過,(做壞事)不受懲罰 8. tell a lie 說謊 9. win…back 贏回 10. strength強(qiáng)項(xiàng),長(zhǎng)處,力量