【正文】 e lost have lost39。t you must be a 39。t you must have seen him off yesterday, _________?39。t you39。t have attended have not attended have attended _________ the plane, or perhaps they have been prevented from ing for some have missed have missed the ground is white, it _________ last snowed have snowed must be fifty, ________?39。t see him at the lecture yesterday.”“He _________ it.”39。t we we we was a good swimmer so he _________ swim to the river bank when the boat able to went to the doctor39。d rather不是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，would 在此是表愿望的實(shí)義動(dòng)詞)練習(xí)、助動(dòng)詞與情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 they _________ to do this work, he might do it some other was told yesterday that the pany _________ me to Rome next week for a business have sent going to send 39。d better/ we had better)./ Hadn’t we better stop now?(Had we better not stop now?)/ I think I’d better be going.(用于進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)，表“最好立即”)/ You had better have done that(用于完成時(shí)態(tài)，表未完成動(dòng)作)注：had better用于同輩或小輩，對(duì)長(zhǎng)輩不可用。如：Last year our English teacher would sometimes tell us stories in English after class./ During the vacation he would visit me every week.(5)表料想或猜想，如：It would be about ten when he left home./ What would she be doing there?/ I thought he would have told you about 、used to, had better, would rather的用法(1)used to表示過去的習(xí)慣動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，現(xiàn)在已不存在，在間接引語中，其形式可不變，例如：He told us he used to play foot ball when he was 、否定句、否定疑問句或強(qiáng)調(diào)句中，可有兩種形式。t后接完成式可以表示過去做了一件本來不必要做的事情，如：Did you answer the letter yesterday?Yes, I you needn’t have answered 、shall的基本用法(1)shall用作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞時(shí)，用于第二、三人稱，表示說活人的意愿，可表示“命令”、“警告”、“強(qiáng)制”、“威脅”或“允諾”等意，如：He shall go first, whether he wants to or not.(2)在疑問句中，shall用于第一、三人稱，表示說話人的征詢對(duì)方意見或請(qǐng)求指示，如：Shall I open the door?should的基本用法(1)should作為情態(tài)動(dòng)詞可以表示“建議”或“勸告”，有“應(yīng)該”之意，如：You should learn from each other.(2)should后接完成式表示過去沒有做到本來應(yīng)該做的事情，或是做了本來不應(yīng)該做的事情。t worry about us now.(2)need也可作為行為動(dòng)詞用，可用于肯定句，否定句和疑問句中，其后可接名詞、代詞、動(dòng)名詞或帶 to 的動(dòng)詞不定式為其賓語。注意，在美國英語中ought to 用于否定和疑問句時(shí)to可以省略。t do the work well that might have done it better.(3)must后接完成式的用法：表示對(duì)過去某事的推測(cè)，認(rèn)為某事在過去一定做到 了，如：Liu Dong isn’t in the must have gone to the 、have to 的基本用法：have to和must的意義相近，只是 must側(cè)重表示說話人的主觀看法，而have to 則ought to的基本用法(l)表示根據(jù)某種義務(wù)或必要“應(yīng)當(dāng)”做某事，語氣比should強(qiáng)，例如：Everyone ought to obey the traffic regulations.(2)表示推測(cè)，注意與must表示推測(cè)時(shí)的區(qū)別：He must be home by now.(斷定他已到家)，He ought to be home by now.(不十分肯定)，This is where the oil must be.(比較直率)，This is where the oil ought to be.(比較含蓄)；(3)“ought + have+ 過去分詞”表示過去應(yīng)做某事而 實(shí)際未做。s too could have answered it earlier, I am sure.(2)may, might后接完成式的用法 ①表示對(duì)過去某事的推測(cè)，認(rèn)為某一件事情在過去可能發(fā)生了。 know his father has just bought him a new 、can, could, may, must后接完成式的用法(1)can, could后接完成式的用法：①在否定句或疑問句中表示對(duì)過去發(fā)生過的事情的“懷疑”或“不肯定”的態(tài)度，Could he have said so? ②在肯定句中，可以表示過去可能做到而實(shí)際并沒做到的事情，有“勸告”或“責(zé)備”的語氣。t(don39。t，因?yàn)閙ustn39。t(doesn39。t touch the fire.(2)對(duì)以must提出的疑問句，如作否定回答時(shí)，要用needn39。如：May I use this dictionary?Yes, ，如果Might I?? 就比用May I?? 語氣更婉轉(zhuǎn)些，如：May I have a look at your new puter? 但是表示“阻止”或“禁止”對(duì)方做某事時(shí)，要用must not代替may not，如：May we swim in this lake?No, you mustn’’s too dangerous.(2)may或 might都可以表示可能性，表示“或許”、“可能”之意，如果用might表示可能性，則語氣更加不肯定，如：They may(might)be in the library 、must的基本用法(1)must表示“必須”、“應(yīng)該”之意，其否定式 must not，縮寫形式為 mustn39。但是can只能有現(xiàn)在式和過去式，而be able to則有更多的形式，如：He will be able to do the work 、may和might(might為may的過去式)的基本用法(1)表示允許或征詢對(duì)方許可，有“可以”之意，如：You may use my “可以做某事”或“不可以做某事”時(shí)，一般多不用may或 may not，以避免語氣生硬或不容氣。現(xiàn)將各情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的基本用法分述如下：can和could(could為can的過去式)的基本用法(1)表示能力，如：He can speak English better than you.(2)在疑問句和否定句中表示“懷疑”、“猜測(cè)”或“可能性”，如：Can this green bike be Liu Dong39。只有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞ought要和帶to的動(dòng)詞不定式連用，在句中作謂語用。情態(tài)動(dòng)詞沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化。Do do some ；(4)代替前面剛出現(xiàn)的動(dòng)詞以避免重復(fù)。Does he go to school by bike every day?(3)“do + 動(dòng)詞原形”用于祈使句或陳述句中表示加強(qiáng)語氣。如：What have you been doing these days? 這些日子你一直在干什么?do(does, did)(1)“do not + 動(dòng)詞原形”構(gòu)成行為動(dòng)詞的否定式。have(has, had)(1)“have+過去分詞”構(gòu)成完成時(shí)態(tài)。You39。The prime minister is to visit Japan next 。它們本身沒有詞義，只和實(shí)義動(dòng)詞的一定形式構(gòu)成復(fù)合謂語，用來表示時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)，構(gòu)成否定、疑問及加強(qiáng)語氣等。第三篇：be動(dòng)詞 助動(dòng)詞練習(xí)be動(dòng)詞 助動(dòng)詞練習(xí)Be動(dòng)詞練習(xí)題 ________(be)many monkeys in the (be)a beautiful garden in our _________(be)some water in the __________(be)some bread on the (be)Tom ___________(read)a book now? ________(be)your friends yesterday? _________(do)your father usually _________(go)to work? old _____