【正文】 上下句，“it was”也可不譯出來(lái)。1．指代說(shuō)話者心目中不太清楚的那個(gè)人，常在打電話或敲門時(shí)用。這太危險(xiǎn)了！It was hard work，but they really enjoyed it．摘蘋果是艱苦活，可他們都樂(lè)意去干（它）。t play on the road．It39。t it？看這雨！雨很大，對(duì)嗎？3．代替上文提到過(guò)的整個(gè)事情。如：Is it your watch？這是你的手表嗎？Look at the rain！It39。s grown in the southeast of China．什么地方種植茶？中國(guó)東南部種植茶?！狪t looks like a cat！它看上去像只貓！Where39。s Lucy39。1．指動(dòng)物和植物。一、用于指人以外的一切生物、無(wú)生命的東西和事情。第四篇：it用法小結(jié)小結(jié)(20081208 15:57:31)標(biāo)簽：教育It用法小結(jié)it在英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法中屬人稱代詞，意思是“它”，用來(lái)指人以外的一切生物和事物。（我愿意乘飛機(jī)去，可我的愿望未能實(shí)現(xiàn)。4）would rather/sooner和would prefer后面都可跟完成式，但后者帶to。這兩個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)后面帶名詞時(shí)情況也一樣：例 —Would you like some gin？—I’d prefer a coffee．=I’d rather have coffee than gin．—您想喝點(diǎn)杜松子酒嗎？—我想喝點(diǎn)咖啡。3）would rather+不帶to的不定式有時(shí)可代替 would prefer+帶 to的不定式。）和 He would rather have dogs than cats．（他寧可養(yǎng)狗而不愿養(yǎng)貓。I prefer tennis to golf．= I’d rather play tennis than golf． 我喜歡打網(wǎng)球而不喜歡打高爾夫球。有時(shí)prefer后面也可跟名詞，而在would rather之后要求只帶動(dòng)詞原形。Tom prefers reading to talking．湯姆喜歡讀書而不喜歡談天。五、would rather/sooner和prefer/would prefer的區(qū)別 would rather和would sooner之間一般沒有區(qū)別，但經(jīng)常接觸到的是would rather。He would rather be poor than have got money by dishonest methods． 他寧可窮也不愿意用不誠(chéng)實(shí)的手段獲取金錢。2）如果只涉及主語(yǔ)本人而不涉及另一個(gè)人，則would rather之后不接that從句而接have done結(jié)構(gòu)。此時(shí)，主句一般為I had rather ,其（that）從句則用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。我希望你下周末來(lái)。(句中came不是表示過(guò)去而是表示將來(lái))We’d rather he paid us the money 。例 John wants to see me would rather he came to tomorrow than 。引導(dǎo)從句的that常省略。三、在疑問(wèn)句式中，would rather 與would rather…than…中的would要放在主語(yǔ)之前例 Would you rather stay here or go home? 你愿意呆在這里，還是回家？Which would you rather have, apples or bananas? 你喜歡吃蘋果還是香蕉？Would you rather read a novel than read a poem?你寧愿看小說(shuō)而不愿朗讀詩(shī)歌嗎？四、would rather+從句，是一個(gè)常用的虛擬語(yǔ)氣句型 Would rather+從句,謂語(yǔ)一般用過(guò)去時(shí)來(lái)表示現(xiàn)在或?qū)?lái)。例 I would rather go to work by bike than by 。Rather than work in such bad condition, he would give ，他寧愿放棄。例 I would rather have noodles than 。請(qǐng)注意 1）would rather…than…/would…rather than…也可以顛倒為：rather than…would…。二、如果在兩者中進(jìn)行取舍，表示“寧愿……而不愿……，與其……寧可……”的意思時(shí)，則可用would rather…than…或would…rather than…的句型例 I would rather watch TV at home than go to the 。He’d rather work in the 。例 Mr Li would rather not listen to rock ?！皐ould rather+動(dòng)詞原形”是英語(yǔ)中常見的一個(gè)慣用句式，美國(guó)英語(yǔ)中多用had rather。would rather的用法一、would rather意思是“寧愿、寧可、更、最好、還是為好”，后接動(dòng)詞原形,常省略為’d rather，表示優(yōu)先選擇的一種方式其否定形式是would rather not do sth。注意：這里rather than 后用了walked，而沒有用walk，表示客觀事實(shí)，而不是主觀愿望。如：Rather than allow the vegetables to go bad, he sold them at half ，把它們以半價(jià)賣掉了。注意：rather than 后接不定式時(shí)，不定式可以帶to，也可以不帶to, 如上句。(4)連接兩個(gè)分句We should help him rather than he should help 。(3)連接兩個(gè)介詞(短語(yǔ))或動(dòng)名詞We will have the meeting in the classroom rather than in the great ，不是在大廳里。注意：rather than 連接兩個(gè)名詞或代詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)與rather than 前面的名詞或代詞在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致?，F(xiàn)分述如下：(1)連接兩個(gè)名詞或代詞He is an explorer rather than a ，不如說(shuō)他是一個(gè)探險(xiǎn)者。 than 不與would連用時(shí)，表示客觀事實(shí)，意為“是……而不是……；與其……不如……”。例如：She39。（2）如果不定式的動(dòng)作不是由主語(yǔ)來(lái)完成需用其被動(dòng)形式。例：① I have some letters to 。四、have do表示“有某事要完成”，其中不定式作定語(yǔ)，且其有主動(dòng)與被動(dòng)二種形式需要區(qū)別使用。（2）在否定結(jié)構(gòu)中，表示“不能讓”，“不允許”。例：① he soon had them all 。三、have sb./ 表示兩種含意或者說(shuō)一種含意。（4）在否定句中作“容忍”“允許”解。例：These small animals seem glad to have people visit them.（3）表示主語(yǔ)“經(jīng)歷”某事。② Don’t forget to have him ?？梢杂谩癵et do”結(jié)構(gòu)來(lái)替換。② I won’t have my house turned into a 。(4)用于否定句中，表示“不允許….”“不讓”。例：① I had my hat blown （風(fēng)）吹掉了。② we must have(=got)the work finished by 成此項(xiàng)工作。（2）（主語(yǔ)）完成某事（可能參與）。例：① I had(=got)that door painted last 。7）prefer + that從句Would you prefer that I e on Monday instead of on Tuesday? 你寧愿讓星期一來(lái)而不是星期二來(lái)嗎I prefer that someone else should do 。如： prefers chemistry rather than ：prefer…to表示一般的傾向，prefer…rather than則表示在某種具體場(chǎng)合的選擇。5）prefer to do A rather than do B 意義相同，試比較：Joe prefers skating to prefer to skate rather than preferred playing soccer to preferred to play soccer rather than preferred rating a car to having one of his prefers to rent a car rather than to have one of his 。4）prefer …rather than 中的rather也可以移到第一個(gè)不定式之前（prefer rather…than），這種用法多見于書面語(yǔ)。2)rather than 也可以至于句首：Rather than buy a car of his own, he prefers to rent ）than后也可用動(dòng)名詞：I prefer to stay at home rather than go/going to see a 。他們知道什么最拿手，寧愿把自己成功的經(jīng)驗(yàn)在如法炮制而不愿冒失敗的危險(xiǎn)。例如： He prefer to die rather than bee 。Thousands of children nowadays prefer doing their homework to a background of popmusic to doing it in a quiet ，也不愿在安安靜靜的房間里做。I prefer writing a term paper to taking an 。例如：I prefer dogs to 。I would prefer to stay at home prefers to be ．Prefer sb to do sthTheir father prefers them to be home 。2．prefer+動(dòng)名詞Do you prefer cooling for yourself ,or eating in a restaurant? 自己做飯還是喜歡下館子？——Do you like swimming?你喜歡游泳嗎？——Yes, but I prefer ，但我更喜歡駕駛帆船。prefer用法是可以加to的,但一般用法都是用不帶to的用法.(中國(guó)考試也愛考這個(gè),所以考試萬(wàn)一出了你還是不要帶to)prefer to do than do sth.“寧愿做...而不做...” I prefer to watch TV rather than go 。（我愿意乘飛機(jī)去，可我5 的愿望未能實(shí)現(xiàn)。4）would rather/sooner和would prefer后面都可跟完成式，但后者帶to。這兩個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)后面帶名詞時(shí)情況也一樣：例 —Would you like some gin？—I’d prefer a coffee．=I’d rather have coffee than gin．—您想喝點(diǎn)杜松子酒嗎？—我想喝點(diǎn)咖啡。3）would rather+不帶to的不定式有時(shí)可代替 would prefer+帶 to的不定式。）和 He would rather have dogs than cats．（他寧可養(yǎng)狗而不愿養(yǎng)貓。I prefer tennis to golf．= I’d rather p