【正文】 路一段8英里長(zhǎng)的路面上，交通工程師正在安裝一個(gè)由麻省理工學(xué)院設(shè)計(jì)的引進(jìn)“自動(dòng)司機(jī)”的系統(tǒng)。全球衛(wèi)星定位系統(tǒng)其實(shí)只是叫做“遠(yuǎn)程信息學(xué)”的這一更大行動(dòng)的一部分，這一行動(dòng)最終將把智能汽車(chē)送上智能高速公路?；舴蚵f(shuō)。）隨著微芯片價(jià)格的大幅度下降，未來(lái)對(duì)全球衛(wèi)星定位系統(tǒng)的應(yīng)用幾乎是無(wú)限的。在日本，具有某種導(dǎo)航能力的汽車(chē)已有一百萬(wàn)輛之多。汽車(chē)上的計(jì)算機(jī)就會(huì)根據(jù)信號(hào)傳來(lái)所花的時(shí)間計(jì)算出衛(wèi)星有多遠(yuǎn)。每顆衛(wèi)星都裝有4個(gè)“原子鐘”，它們根據(jù)量子理論法則，以精確的頻率振動(dòng)。通過(guò)這些衛(wèi)星我們有可能以小于100英尺的誤差確定你在地球上的方位。你汽車(chē)上與繞軌道運(yùn)行的衛(wèi)星發(fā)出的無(wú)線電信號(hào)調(diào)諧的傳感器能隨時(shí)精確地確定你汽車(chē)的方位，并告知交通阻塞情況。開(kāi)車(chē)最頭疼的兩大麻煩是迷路和交通堵塞。為消除這一隱患，藏在儀表板里的一架微型相機(jī)可對(duì)準(zhǔn)開(kāi)車(chē)者的臉部及眼睛。在麻省理工學(xué)院媒介實(shí)驗(yàn)室，業(yè)已制造出能測(cè)知你行車(chē)時(shí)有多少睡意的樣車(chē)，這對(duì)長(zhǎng)途卡車(chē)司機(jī)意義重大。藏在保險(xiǎn)杠里的微型雷達(dá)能對(duì)周?chē)钠?chē)作掃描。這種車(chē)還能在遇竊后通報(bào)警方，告知車(chē)輛的確切地點(diǎn)。智能汽車(chē)能消除絕大多數(shù)這類(lèi)汽車(chē)事故。在汽車(chē)事故中死亡或嚴(yán)重受傷的人數(shù)太多，我們已經(jīng)不屑在報(bào)紙上提及。斯普雷扎預(yù)言道。未來(lái)“智能汽車(chē)”的關(guān)鍵在于傳感器。汽車(chē)工業(yè)的銷(xiāo)售額達(dá)一萬(wàn)億美元左右，從而成為世界上最大的制造業(yè)。汽車(chē)工業(yè)是20世紀(jì)最賺錢(qián)、最有影響力的產(chǎn)業(yè)之一。對(duì)俄羅斯人民而言，嚴(yán)冬是他們的冰雪衛(wèi)士。拿破侖和希特勒都低估了俄羅斯冬季的嚴(yán)酷。對(duì)俄羅斯人民來(lái)說(shuō)，這場(chǎng)入侵帶來(lái)了無(wú)法形容的苦難，蘇維埃在第二次世界大戰(zhàn)中死亡的人數(shù)幾乎達(dá)到2千3百萬(wàn)。至此，俄國(guó)人開(kāi)始向柏林進(jìn)發(fā)。到了1944年3月，烏克蘭的農(nóng)村又回到了蘇維埃手中。在北方，1944年1月15日，紅軍發(fā)起突然襲擊，解除了列寧格勒長(zhǎng)達(dá)3年之久的圍困。部分地由于俄羅斯的冬季，德國(guó)人走向失敗了。直到1943年1月德國(guó)人才放棄圍城，進(jìn)攻斯大林格勒的30萬(wàn)德國(guó)人只剩下9萬(wàn)忍饑挨餓的士兵。1942年11月，俄國(guó)人發(fā)起了一場(chǎng)反攻。希特勒隨后向東推進(jìn)到沿伏爾加河綿延48公里的大工業(yè)城市斯大林格勒。到1942夏天，希特勒又發(fā)起兩場(chǎng)新的攻勢(shì)。對(duì)俄國(guó)的嚴(yán)寒冬季毫無(wú)思想準(zhǔn)備的德國(guó)士兵身著單薄的夏裝，一個(gè)個(gè)被凍傷，德國(guó)人的坦克掩埋在深深的雪堆中。正當(dāng)希特勒的軍隊(duì)逼近莫斯科時(shí)，寒冷的冬季早早地降臨蘇聯(lián)，而且是多年不遇的嚴(yán)寒。由于德國(guó)人指望速戰(zhàn)速?zèng)Q，他們沒(méi)有準(zhǔn)備過(guò)冬的補(bǔ)給。1941年到1942年之間的嚴(yán)冬時(shí)節(jié)，幾乎每天有4千人餓死；列寧格勒之圍造成近百萬(wàn)人死亡。列寧格勒保衛(wèi)戰(zhàn)一直持續(xù)到冬季，此時(shí)該市的處境變得危急。在北方，德國(guó)人包圍了列寧格勒。農(nóng)場(chǎng)和工廠被焚燒毀壞，或被弄得無(wú)法運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)。蘇聯(lián)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人約瑟夫他計(jì)劃采用征服了歐洲其余地區(qū)的閃電式戰(zhàn)略。1941年6月22日，希特勒不宣而戰(zhàn)，入侵蘇聯(lián)，發(fā)動(dòng)了歷史上規(guī)模最大的一場(chǎng)陸地戰(zhàn)役。希特勒已經(jīng)控制了歐洲大部分地區(qū)。1814年3月，巴黎被占，拿破侖退位去過(guò)流放生活，他締造的帝國(guó)隨之滅亡。元?dú)獯髠姆▏?guó)軍隊(duì)在歐洲繼續(xù)西撤。渡過(guò)別列津納河，潰不成軍的幸存者一瘸一拐地向維爾紐斯行進(jìn)。僥幸的是，拿破侖居然突擊造起兩座橋。正當(dāng)俄羅斯軍隊(duì)集聚兵力之時(shí)，法國(guó)人卻不得不逃離俄國(guó)，以避免注定的失敗。困乏的馬匹倒地而死，大炮陷入雪中，裝備只得被用作燃料焚燒，士兵們?nèi)静鏊?。剛出莫斯科城，氣溫就降到攝氏零下4度。法軍的撤離成為一場(chǎng)噩夢(mèng)?！蹦闷苼龊芸煲庾R(shí)到，他無(wú)法在冬天向遠(yuǎn)在莫斯科的軍隊(duì)供應(yīng)糧草、提供御寒衣物和宿營(yíng)之地。法國(guó)人進(jìn)城不久，一場(chǎng)熊熊大火將整個(gè)城市燒毀了三分之二。拿破侖順利進(jìn)入莫斯科，然而，對(duì)該市的占領(lǐng)成為毫無(wú)意義的勝利。夜幕降臨時(shí)，3萬(wàn)名法國(guó)士兵以及4萬(wàn)4千名俄國(guó)士兵或傷或亡，倒在了戰(zhàn)場(chǎng)上。此刻他面臨著一個(gè)重要抉擇：是繼續(xù)追擊俄國(guó)軍隊(duì)，還是把軍隊(duì)駐扎在斯摩棱斯克，在那兒度過(guò)將到的冬天？拿破侖孤注一擲，決定向遠(yuǎn)在448公里之外的莫斯科進(jìn)發(fā)。到了8月，法俄兩軍在斯摩棱斯克交戰(zhàn)，這一戰(zhàn)役中，雙方各有上萬(wàn)人陣亡。相反，他們一路東撤，沿途焚毀莊稼和民居。拿破侖期盼著的速?zèng)Q速勝卻遲遲沒(méi)有發(fā)生。拿破侖對(duì)馬到成功充滿自信，預(yù)言要在5個(gè)星期內(nèi)攻下俄國(guó)。這些士兵受過(guò)良好訓(xùn)練，作戰(zhàn)力強(qiáng)，裝備精良。仍是俄羅斯的冬天助了蘇維埃士兵一臂之力。希特勒的軍事實(shí)力堪稱無(wú)敵，他的戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)機(jī)器掃除了歐洲絕大部分地區(qū)的抵抗。1941年，納粹德國(guó)元首阿道夫波拿巴率大軍入侵俄羅斯。第一篇：全新版大學(xué)英語(yǔ)綜合教程4【第二版】翻譯答案全新版大學(xué)英語(yǔ)綜合教程4【第二版】翻譯答案 Unit1 and his family are currently engaged in getting the autumn harvest in on the must not underestimate the are equipped with the most sophisticated been cut of a job/Not having had a job for 3months, Phil is getting increasingly , as the project manager, is decisive, efficient, and accurate in his the chemical plant was identified as the source of solution, the village neighborhood mittee decided to close it down at the cost of 100 1)There was an unusual quietness in the air, except for the sound of artillery in the )The expansion of urban areas in some African countries has been causing a significant fall in living standards and an increase in social )The research shows that atmospheric carbon dioxide levels are closely correlated with global )The frequency of the bus service has been improved from 15 to 12 minutes recently5)The diver stood on the edge of the diving board, poised to jump at the signal from the 1)Despite the inadequate length of the airstrip in this emergency landing, the veteran pilot managed to stop the plane after taxiing for only a short )Grilled by the reporters, the movie star eventually blurted(out)that she had undergone two plastic )We have the technology and our partner has the together, we’ll have the future in our )If I had known beforehand that you would bring so many friends home, I would have made better see, I have barely enough food and drinks for a )People gave generously upon learning that new school rooms with stronger structures were to be built in the earthquakestricken 1)2)3)4)5)I have an instinct that Henry will seek to join the expedition, because he is something of an is capable of sticking to the task at hand, even if he is exposed to trademark was registered in accordance with the laws hitherto in enough, many people volunteered to help organize the meeting, but only a few turned teacher’s affectionate words, along with his candid ments, changed the way Mike perceived the society and 、They are exploring the new frontiers of medical science in an attempt to find remedies for incurable diseases/ cures for diseases that are beyond remedy so 、Her unique teaching methods apart, Ms Wilson, my math teacher, never tried to cram knowledge into my 、The regular weather forecast by the Central TV Station keeps us up with the changes of weather wherever we go on a 、The appalling explosion started a big fire and caused the partial collapse of the 、In the modern world, there are more ways than ever to waste away time, and all kinds of distractions are eating into our precious