【正文】 ... 41 水土流失現(xiàn)狀 ............................................................................................................. 41 水土流失成因 ............................................................................................................. 42 水土流失危 害 ............................................................................................................. 44 水土保持工作 ...................................................................................................... 46 水土保持現(xiàn)狀和效果 ................................................................................................... 46 組織管理機(jī)構(gòu) ............................................................................................................. 47 主要經(jīng)驗(yàn)和存在的問(wèn)題 ............................................................................................... 51 3 項(xiàng)目任務(wù)和規(guī)模 ....................................................... 54 2 項(xiàng)目建設(shè)的必要性和迫切性 .......................................................................... 54 指導(dǎo)思想與建設(shè)目標(biāo) ........................................................................................ 56 指導(dǎo)思想 .................................................................................................................... 56 總體目標(biāo) .................................................................................................................... 57 總體布局 ............................................................................................................... 58 水土流失類型區(qū)劃分 ................................................................................................... 58 治理措施布局 ............................................................................................................. 59 治理小流域劃分 .......................................................................................................... 61 土地利用結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整 ............................................................................................ 62 調(diào)整方向 .................................................................................................................... 62 調(diào)整結(jié)果 .................................................................................................................... 63 建設(shè)任務(wù)和規(guī)模 ................................................................................................. 63 4 防治措施設(shè)計(jì) .......................................................... 64 預(yù)防監(jiān)督方案 ...................................................................................................... 64 預(yù)防監(jiān)督機(jī)構(gòu)體系建設(shè) ................................................................................................ 64 監(jiān)督內(nèi)容和方法 .......................................................................................................... 64 預(yù)防監(jiān)督實(shí)施方案 ....................................................................................................... 65 治理措施設(shè)計(jì) ...................................................................................................... 67 措施布設(shè) ..................................................................................................................... 67 工程設(shè)計(jì) ..................................................................................................................... 70 施工設(shè)計(jì) ..................................................................................................................... 91 利用與管護(hù) ............................................................................................................... 102 5 項(xiàng)目監(jiān)測(cè)評(píng)價(jià) ....................................................... 110 目的、任務(wù)與要求 ...........................................................................................110 監(jiān)測(cè)評(píng)價(jià)機(jī)構(gòu)及管理 ....................................................................................... 111 監(jiān)測(cè)評(píng)價(jià)機(jī)構(gòu) ............................................................................................................. 111 監(jiān)測(cè)評(píng)價(jià)管理 ............................................................................................................. 111 監(jiān)測(cè)評(píng)價(jià)對(duì)象、內(nèi)容與 方法 .........................................................................112 監(jiān)測(cè)評(píng)價(jià)對(duì)象 .............................................................................................................112 監(jiān)測(cè)評(píng)價(jià)內(nèi)容 .............................................................................................................112 監(jiān)測(cè)評(píng)價(jià)方法 .............................................................................................................115 3 監(jiān)測(cè)網(wǎng)絡(luò) ..............................................................................................................116 6 技術(shù)支持 ................................................................ 122 專題調(diào)研 ............................................................................................................. 122 指導(dǎo)思想和原則 ........................................................................................................ 122 主要研究?jī)?nèi)容 ........................................................................................................... 122 技術(shù)路線與技術(shù)關(guān)鍵 ................................................................................................. 124 主要實(shí)施措施 ............................................................................................................ 125 技術(shù)保障 ................................................................................................................. 126 技術(shù)引進(jìn)與示范推廣 ...................................................................................... 126 指導(dǎo)思想和原則 ........................................................................................................ 126 示范推廣內(nèi)容 ........................................................................................................... 127 示范推廣途徑與方法 ................................................................................................. 128 技術(shù)培訓(xùn)與交流 .....................................................