【正文】 水的表面壓力可能達(dá)到300000多磅。某些是埋在地下或海洋深處，多數(shù)是安放在地上或支撐在平臺上，還有一些實(shí)際上是在航天飛行器中的貯槽和液壓裝置中。它們有各種尺寸。s demand for clean energy, but also is the most viable hydrogen production methods from renewable energy near the : largescale:，大量的utilization:，利用renewable:，可再生的viable:，改善能源結(jié)構(gòu)，減少環(huán)境污染，滿足人們對清潔能源的需求，而且是近中期最為可行的可再生能源制氫方式。It is further parable to a coalfueled power plant with respect to flue gas emissions and solid residues from the bustion process and flue gas —；bustion—；flue—煙道；這是進(jìn)一步就煙氣排放和在燃燒過程、煙氣清理中的固體殘留與燃煤發(fā)電廠的比較。In spite of the perceived low heating values of biodegradable waste, the increasing volumes of MSW as well as the generally high percentage of the organic ponent observed in Ghana’s MSW means that the amount of energy that can be obtained from the waste is not —、認(rèn)知；biodegradable—可生物降解的；insignificant—微不足道的；盡管我們所感知的可生物質(zhì)降解的垃圾熱值低，但加納持續(xù)增長的大量的城市生活垃圾和其被觀察到的普遍高含量的有機(jī)成分意味著蘊(yùn)藏其中的可被利用的能量值是不容小覷的。kei??n] 可是對于生物質(zhì)能，它將可能僅在非常大的范圍內(nèi)獲得，然而在大氣中的生物質(zhì)氣化將在相當(dāng)小的范圍內(nèi)獲得這些效能。s] biomass bustion 生物質(zhì)能large scales 大規(guī)模gasification [,ɡ230。In the case of biomass bustion , however, this will be possible on only very large scales, whereas atmospheric biomass gasification is projected to attain these efficiencies on considerably smaller scales。b?st??n] ，氧化；騷動moisture [39。v230。第二篇：過程裝備與控制工程專業(yè)英語翻譯In our parison of the net electrical power output of both bined heat and power(CHP)and poweronly plants, the electrical output of the CHP plants is assumed to be the output that could the oretically be produced if there were no heat electrical power凈電力bined heat and power熱電聯(lián)供Plant設(shè)備be assumed to be假設(shè)為Theoretically理論地；理論上在我們的熱電聯(lián)供和只供電的設(shè)備的凈電力輸出比較中，熱電聯(lián)供設(shè)備的電力輸出是看做理論上如果沒有熱輸出時產(chǎn)生的輸出量。顯然，這種技術(shù)對能形成保護(hù)鈍化膜的金屬具有局限性。（2）通過單獨(dú)的電源施加電流，這種技術(shù)稱為外加電流陰極保護(hù)法。有兩種明顯不同的方法可以得到這樣的結(jié)果。陰極和陽極保護(hù)陰極保護(hù)是使金屬表面所有陽極轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)殛帢O而使腐蝕停止。他們通常被用于保護(hù)大體的腐蝕，但是對于保護(hù)局部腐蝕大部分是無效的，比如隙間腐蝕，點(diǎn)狀腐蝕，應(yīng)力腐蝕破裂。緩蝕劑抑制劑是一種添加到腐蝕環(huán)境中的少量化學(xué)藥品，以降低腐蝕速度。（3）使用抑制劑減緩電極反應(yīng)。（1）防滲涂層可以防止金屬與腐蝕環(huán)境接觸。給機(jī)械性能好的金屬（通常是鋼）加保護(hù)涂層常比選擇一種耐腐蝕但昂貴的材料更符合實(shí)際和生活要求。很多氯的有機(jī)溶劑和醇類嚴(yán)重?fù)p害鋁合金，有時甚至是爆破性的。強(qiáng)酸和適量強(qiáng)堿會破壞鋁的鈍化膜。鋁在標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的電動壓系列下是一種很活潑的金屬，它可以立即跟空氣反應(yīng)形成由兩層物質(zhì)組成的鈍化膜：里面一層是緊密的非晶氧化薄膜，外面是更厚的可透性氫氧化物。鎳和鎳合金廣泛運(yùn)用于食品工業(yè)，經(jīng)常使用于制氯業(yè)氣，氯化氫，氯化碳?xì)浠衔?。選擇哪一種鋼不僅要根據(jù)它的耐腐蝕性，而且要根據(jù)其所需的強(qiáng)度和成本。不銹鋼可以被腐蝕盡管它們的名字是那樣說的。工程師一旦確定沒有安全隱患，抗腐蝕的方法就轉(zhuǎn)移到經(jīng)濟(jì)形勢上了。大多數(shù)的腐蝕問題是由不正當(dāng)?shù)脑O(shè)計(jì)或不正當(dāng)?shù)牟牧线x擇引起的。這就像在海洋上不能改變一樣或者是基本不能改變。上面所列的方法來處理腐蝕問題是可行的，但是不是所有的都能應(yīng)用于一個給定的情況。第一篇：過程裝備與控制工程專業(yè)英語翻譯10Reading Material 10Corrosion ControlCorrosion problems can be solved in the following ways:(1)Select a material that is resistant to be the corrosion environment.(2)Give metal a protective coating.(3)Change the service conditions, such as temperature, pressure, or velocity.(4)Change the environment chemistry such as pH, concentration, aeration, or impurities.(5)Add a corrosion inhibitor.(6)Shift the electric potential of the metal by cathodic or anodic protection(7)Modify the design of the equipment or system.(8)Let it corrode and replace it(often a viablealternative!)Once the engineer has determined that there is no danger of a catastrophe, deciding which way to bat corrosion usually es down to the economics of the SelectionStainless steels are usually the first choice for a “probably corrosive” environment with unknown properties, because these alloys are resistant to a wide range of oxidizers, but they cannot withstand strong reducing solutions, such as hydrochloric steels can be corroded, despite their stainless steels are classified into five general groups(martensitic, ferritic, austenitic, duplex and precipitationhardenable strainless steels)according to their metallurgical structures, with the of which one to use depending not only on corrosion resistance but also on required strength and pure nickel has high corrosion resistance, especially to alkalies, bined with mechanical properties similar to mild steel, and good and nickel alloys widely used in the food industry and are frequently selected for service in chlorine, hydrogen chloride, and chlorinated are very resistant to hightemperature air and to stresscorrosion is a very reactive metal in the standard electromotive force series。it immediately reacts with air to form a passive film consisting of two layers: an inner, pact, amorphous oxide and an outer, thicker, more permeable hydrated is naturally patible with the atmosphere and withstands many solutions well if the pH lies between about 4 to acids and moderately strong bases destroy aluminum’s passive ions are particularly damaging because they attack the film only at weak spots and pit chlorinated organic solvents and alcohols can attack aluminum alloys disastrously, sometimes CoatingsThe major purpose of coating a metal is to protect it from a corrosive environment when the metal is otherwise suitable for the service conditions in terms of mechanical and physical metal with good mechanical properties(usually steel)is often more practical in terms of cost and required life than selecting a more corrosion resistion but expensive can be achieved in four ways, with many coatings functioning in more than one way:(1)A barrier coating that prevents the corrosive environment from contacting the metal.(2)A sacrificial coating that corrodes while giving cathodic protection to the underlying metal.(3)An inhibitor coating that slows electrode reactions.(4)An electrically resistive coating that stifles electrochemical corrosion cells, Paints fall into this last InhibitorsAn inhibitor is a chemical added to the corrosive environment in small amounts to reduce the corrosion inhibitors interfere with the anode reaction, some with the cathode reaction, and some with usually used to prevent general corrosion but most are not effective in preventing localized attack, such as crevice corrosion, pitting, or stresscorrosion have a critical concentration that must be reached or exceeded for them to be effective, and in some cases to prevent them from making corrosion and Anodic ProtectionCathodic protection converts all anodic on a metal surface to cathodes