【正文】 非關(guān)系型在內(nèi)的多種數(shù)據(jù)源，提供獨(dú)立于開(kāi)發(fā)工具和開(kāi)發(fā)語(yǔ)言的簡(jiǎn)單的編程接口，這些技術(shù)使得企業(yè)集成多種數(shù)據(jù)源、選擇更好的開(kāi)發(fā)工具、應(yīng)用軟件、操作平臺(tái)、建立容易維護(hù)的解決方案成為可能。 Basic訪問(wèn)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)的前景：近來(lái)隨著Web應(yīng)用軟件的迅速發(fā)展和現(xiàn)有數(shù)據(jù)存儲(chǔ)形式的多種多樣，Visual Basic訪問(wèn)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)的解決方案面臨諸如快速提取分布于企業(yè)內(nèi)部和外部有用商業(yè)信息等的多種挑戰(zhàn)。不同的系統(tǒng)對(duì)相同環(huán)境中的同樣問(wèn)題還可能有無(wú)法預(yù)料的反應(yīng)，所有這些都影響系統(tǒng)的可靠性。東華理工大學(xué)畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（外文翻譯）漢語(yǔ)翻譯觀察可靠性應(yīng)考慮系統(tǒng)使用環(huán)境。用中，用戶需要從菜單中填寫一組數(shù)據(jù)，然后按下回車來(lái)對(duì)它們立即執(zhí)行。無(wú)論如何，你不應(yīng)恐懼復(fù)雜的SQL語(yǔ)句。為此，我們列出了SELECT語(yǔ)句的完整形式。SQL與比如JAVA或C之類的語(yǔ)言之間的差別十分巨大的：你不需要為了實(shí)現(xiàn)一個(gè)SQL查詢的功能而編寫一個(gè)程序，你只需要量輸入較短的、獨(dú)立的查詢語(yǔ)句，然后運(yùn)行就可以了。這種不依賴于用戶會(huì)話互相通信操作的性質(zhì)也被稱作非過(guò)程性。我們所談?wù)摰慕换ナ江h(huán)境是你在電腦上一輸入一個(gè)查詢語(yǔ)句并且立即執(zhí)行，就可以看到結(jié)果。最重要的SQL特性是它擁有在計(jì)算機(jī)輸出的條件下能夠相互地構(gòu)造查詢的能力。所以，關(guān)系代數(shù)查詢方面的經(jīng)驗(yàn)就能成為SQL查詢的很好的借鑒。但是，二者在性能上相比較，SQL在本質(zhì)上并沒(méi)有明顯的改進(jìn)。我們知道了怎樣完成關(guān)系代數(shù)來(lái)回應(yīng)對(duì)查詢的數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)信息。在定義基本的SQL中，我們的試金石是將提供一種支持大多RDBMS 接口的語(yǔ)法。通常，我們嚴(yán)格定義的基本SQL與ANSI SQL 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和基礎(chǔ)子集十分類似，分別被認(rèn)為就是ENTRY SQL92 和CORE SQL99。當(dāng)前，SQL語(yǔ)言是從關(guān)系形式(ANSI SQL92 標(biāo)準(zhǔn))轉(zhuǎn)向一個(gè)新的對(duì)象關(guān)系形式(ANSI SLQ99，1999 被發(fā)布)。SQL是允許我們查詢和操作關(guān)于計(jì)算機(jī)化的關(guān)系數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)系統(tǒng)的語(yǔ)言。用戶看不到創(chuàng)建他們正在瀏覽的頁(yè)的腳本命令。所以不必?fù)?dān)心瀏覽器能否處理腳本：Web 服務(wù)器已經(jīng)完成了所有腳本的處理，并將標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的 HTML 傳輸?shù)綖g覽器。服務(wù)器調(diào)用 ASP，執(zhí)行所有腳本命令，并將 Web 頁(yè)ASP 全面讀取請(qǐng)求的文件，傳送給瀏覽器。TS 可以解決開(kāi)發(fā)那些保密性強(qiáng)的、可分級(jí)的以及可靠的 Web 應(yīng)用程序的復(fù)雜性問(wèn)題。例如，旅行社能夠比公布航空時(shí)刻表做得更多；用 ASP 腳本可以讓客戶察看現(xiàn)有的航班、比較費(fèi)用并預(yù)定座位。通過(guò)創(chuàng)建自己的 ActiveX 組件，可以將應(yīng)用程序中的商業(yè)邏輯封裝到能夠從腳本、其他組件或從其他程序中調(diào)用的模塊。Web 開(kāi)發(fā)人員 如果您已經(jīng)掌握了一門編程語(yǔ)言，如 Visual Basic，您將發(fā)現(xiàn) ASP 是快速創(chuàng)建 Web 應(yīng)用程序的一個(gè)非常靈活的方法。ASP 帶有 Microsoft? Visual Basic? Scripting Edition（VBScript）和 Microsoft? Script? 的腳本引擎，這樣您可以立即開(kāi)始編輯腳本。如果您已經(jīng)掌握一門腳本語(yǔ)言，如 VBScript、JavaScript 或 PERL，而且您已經(jīng)了解使用 ASP 的方法。東華理工大學(xué)畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（外文翻譯）漢語(yǔ)翻譯隨著不斷掌握使用 ASP 和腳本語(yǔ)言的技巧，您可以創(chuàng)建更復(fù)雜的腳本?，F(xiàn)在，您只要將一些簡(jiǎn)單的指令嵌入到您的 HTML 文件中，就可以從表格中收集數(shù)據(jù)并進(jìn)行分析。如果您曾想從 HTML 表格中收集數(shù)據(jù)，或用顧客的姓名個(gè)人化 HTML 文件，或根據(jù)瀏覽器的不同使用不同的特性，您會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn) ASP 提供了一個(gè)出色的解決方案。在最后，我們將集中介紹目前ASP領(lǐng)域內(nèi)企業(yè)從不同標(biāo)準(zhǔn)進(jìn)行劃分的情況。實(shí)際上從ASP模式的內(nèi)涵和本質(zhì)上講，并不是全新的事物，而是曾經(jīng)有過(guò)的模式，在互聯(lián)網(wǎng)時(shí)代被賦予了新的生命力。從目前來(lái)看，ASP作為一種模式的正式誕生和提出只是在1998年底到1999年初之間的事情。對(duì)于ASP模式和ASP企業(yè)起源的研究可以從兩個(gè)方面入手，一個(gè)是從業(yè)務(wù)和技術(shù)的角度，從ASP業(yè)務(wù)構(gòu)成的發(fā)展歷史來(lái)進(jìn)行研究；另一個(gè)是從組織機(jī)構(gòu)發(fā)展的角度，來(lái)研究目前ASP企業(yè)的由來(lái)和演化過(guò)程。ASP的英文是Application Service Provider，中文的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)翻譯就是“應(yīng)用服務(wù)提供商”，是指為商業(yè)或者個(gè)人客戶提供管理應(yīng)用解決方案的公司或者企業(yè)。ASP(Application Service Provider,應(yīng)用軟體租賃服務(wù)提供者)是指“透過(guò)網(wǎng)路以租賃方式提供應(yīng)用軟體服務(wù)的業(yè)者”，即業(yè)者以應(yīng)用軟體為主體,透過(guò)網(wǎng)路一對(duì)多地傳遞服務(wù)，這種以服務(wù)為主的交易模式促使企業(yè)可藉由租賃的方式，以更符合成本效益的方式擁有軟體的使用權(quán)，并且亦能因?yàn)闃I(yè)者集中式的管理而大幅降低企業(yè)維護(hù)的成本。能夠運(yùn)行ASP的web服務(wù)器軟件：(internet information server)，而windows ，windows 。PWS或IIS服務(wù)在windows98或windows2000的光盤上附帶著，可以通過(guò)“添加/刪除程序”中的“添加/刪除windows組件”來(lái)安裝。ASP 應(yīng)用程序很容易開(kāi)發(fā)和修改。our touchstone in defining basic SQL is to provide a syntax that is fully available on most of the major RDBMS （外文翻譯）英文原文We begin with an overview of SQL capabilities, and then we explain something about the multiple SQL standards and dialects and how we will deal with these in our will learn how to pose parable queries in SQL, using a form known as the Select we will see, the SQL select statement offers more flexibility in a number of ways than relational algebra for posing , there is no fundamental improvement in power, nothing that could not be achieved in relational algebra , given a few wellconsidered this reason, experience with relational algebra gives us a good idea of what can be acplished in the same time, SQL and relational algebra have quite different conceptual models in a number of respects, and the insight drawn from familiarity with the relational algebra approach may enhance your understanding of SQL most important new feature you will encounter with SQL is the ability to pose queries interactively in a puterized SQL select statement is more plicated and difficult to master than the relatively simple relational algebra, but you should never feel list or uncertain as long as you have access to puter facilities where a few experiments can clear up uncertainties about SQL interactive SQL environment discussed in the current chapter allows you to type a query on a monitor screen and get an immediate interactive queries are sometimes called ad box term refers to the fact that an SQL select statement is meant to be posed all at once in a few type written lines and not be dependent on any prior interaction in a user feature of not being dependent on prior interaction is also down as differs in this way even from relational algebra, where a prior alias statement might be needed in order to represent a product of a table with difference between SQL and procedural languages such as java or c is profound: you do not need to write a program to try out an SQL query, you just have to type the relatively short, selfcontained text of the query and submit course, an SQL query can be rather limited part of this full form, know as a subquery, is defined recursively, and the full select statement form has one added should not feel intimidated by the plexity of the select statement, fact that a select statement is nonprocedural means that it has a lot in mon with a menu driven application, where a user is expected to fill in some set of choices from a menu and then press the enter key to execute the menu 東華理工大學(xué)畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（外文翻譯）英文原文choices all at various clauses of the select statement correspond to menu choices: you will occasionally need all these clauses, but on not expect to use all of them every time you pose a reliability depends on the context in which the system s discussed already, the system environment cannot be specified in advance nor can the system designers place restrictions on that environment for operational systems in an environment may react to problems in unpredictable ways, thus affecting the reliability of all of these for, even when the system has been integrated, it may be difficult to make accurate measurements of its Basic Database Access prospects With the recent Web application software and the rapid development of the existing data stored in diverse forms, Visual Basic Database Access Solutions faces such as rapid extraction enterprises located in the internal and external business information with the multiple this end Microsoft, a new database access strategy “unified data access”(UniversalDataAccess)strategy.“Unified data access” to provide highperformance access, including relational and nonrelational data in a variety of sources, provide independent in the development of language development tools and