【正文】 如果表示任何一個人或事物，無范圍可言，就用wh173。特別提醒如何判斷是用wh173。試比較：What you choose to wear should be 。與wh173。(√)He impressed the manager as an honest 。(√)I admire their winning the 。重難點 后邊不能直接跟that從句的動詞這類動詞有allow, refuse, let, like, cause, force, admire, condemn, celebrate, dislike, love, help, take, forgive等。此處謂語較短，從句較長，為避免“頭重腳輕”而將從句放在了謂語部分之后，形成了分隔式同位語從句。典例3 The notice came around two in the afternoon________the meeting would be postponed.[答案] that 句意：下午兩點左右，有人通知說會議要推遲了。(3)分隔式同位語從句有時同位語從句的謂語較短，而從句內(nèi)容較長，這時為避免“頭重腳輕”，常常將謂語部分提到從句前面，形成分隔式同位語從句。分析句意可知，空格處引導(dǎo)的是同位語從句，解釋說明promise的內(nèi)容，并且此從句結(jié)構(gòu)和意義完整，故用that引導(dǎo)。The_question_why so many people would choose to live in the countryside is still under 。引導(dǎo)同位語從句的連接詞一般都不省略。2 同位語從句的引導(dǎo)詞(1)常用的引導(dǎo)詞有：that, whether, why, who, where, how, when等。The_suggestion_that the new rule be adopted came from the 。二、同位語從句 在句中作同位語的從句，稱作同位語從句。s because he is 。常用于以下句型： This/That is why...這/那是……的原因 This/That is because...這/那是因為……This is why we missed the early 。She looks as_if she has_been_working hard for a long ?？忌屑汅w會其中的語境差別。特別提醒as if/as though意為“好像，仿佛”，其引導(dǎo)的表語從句常位于系動詞(如seem, appear, look, taste, sound, feel, smell等)之后。as if/as though引導(dǎo)的表語從句此類表語從句可用陳述語氣，也可用虛擬語氣，常跟在一些連系動詞后面，如： seem似乎look看起來taste嘗起來 sound聽起來 feel摸起來 appear好像It seemed as_though it had happened ?？疾楸碚Z從句。s ________we differ.[答案] where 句意：——在選擇家具時，你只注重功能而我更注重設(shè)計。特別提醒if不引導(dǎo)表語從句；that引導(dǎo)表語從句一般不省略。s what he 。ll go there once a 。從屬連詞：that，whether 連接代詞：what，who，whose，which，whatever，whoever，whosever，whichever等連接副詞：how，when，where，why等The question is whether you can afford 。此外，表語從句還可用because和as if/as though等連接詞引導(dǎo)。引導(dǎo)表語從句的連接詞主要有：從屬連詞that, whether。賓語從句表示是否，動詞后可用if或whether, that無意義，故把that改為if/whether。故把that改為how。應(yīng)用how引導(dǎo)的從句作介詞of的賓語，且how在從句中作方式狀語。故把when改為that。——記住你9點前必須回家。分析句子成分可知，“who attended their wedding”是賓語從句，從句中缺少主語，故用whoever，意為“無論誰”，而who意為“誰”，表疑問。故把what改為how。] 6．Only when you go to New York City in person will you realize what diverse the American culture 答案 what→how [句意：只有當你親自來到紐約時，你才會意識到美國文化是多么不同。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，再結(jié)合句意“他們所穿的衣服”應(yīng)使用連詞what引導(dǎo)這一賓語從句，what在從句中作wear的賓語，指代人穿的衣服。根據(jù)句意和結(jié)構(gòu)可知，believe后面要求接賓語從句，而且從句中不缺句子成分，也無意義，所以用that。where是副詞，不作主語。] 3．Police have found where appears to be the lost ancient 答案 where→what [句意：警察已經(jīng)找到了與丟失的古代的雕像類似的東西。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，doing后為賓語從句，從句中缺少賓語，故用what。re afraid to 答案 that→what [句意：振作起來。what引導(dǎo)的賓語從句作imagine的賓語，同時what在賓語從句中作介詞like的賓語。] B．單句改錯1．It is difficult for us to imagine that life was like for slaves in the ancient 答案 that→what [句意：對我們來說很難想象在古代奴隸的生活是什么樣子的。此處asking 后為賓語從句，根據(jù)句意可知，應(yīng)填how。根據(jù)句子的結(jié)構(gòu)判斷，about后接的是一個賓語從句，而從句中meant缺少賓語，所以填what。whoever引導(dǎo)賓語從句作介詞to的賓語，且whoever在從句中作主語，相當于anyone who。“________they called the paradise”是賓語從句，作reach的賓語，在從句中call缺賓語，故用what引導(dǎo)賓語從句同時作從句中call的賓語。從句結(jié)構(gòu)和句意完整，故用that。] 5．Susan made it clear to me ________ she wished to make a new life for that [句意：蘇珊清楚地向我表明，她希望自己開始一種新的生活。] 4．We must find out________Karl is ing, so we can book a room for when [句意：我們一定要搞清楚Karl什么時候來，以便我們給他訂房間。] 3．Reading her biography, I was lost in admiration for________ Doris Lessing had achieved in what [句意：讀著她的自傳，我對Doris Lessing 在文學(xué)上已經(jīng)取得的成就贊嘆不已。根據(jù)句意以及句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空格處用why引導(dǎo)賓語從句。(3)在短文改錯中，先分析主句結(jié)構(gòu)，再分析從句的類別，熟記各引導(dǎo)詞的特點，找出使用錯誤的引導(dǎo)詞，并改正。掌握各引導(dǎo)詞在意義、功能上的差別。故把what改為how。典例2 As natural architects, the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly what thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most [答案] what→how 根據(jù)語境和形容詞thick可知應(yīng)用how引導(dǎo)賓語從句，表示程度。命題法 考查賓語從句的引導(dǎo)詞典例1 I truly believe ________beauty es from within.[答案] that 句意：我真的相信美是發(fā)自內(nèi)心的。t hope/guess so.”，正確的表達應(yīng)為“I hope/guess not.”。t_imagine he passed the exam, do you? 你認為他沒有通過這次考試，是嗎？“I don39。I don39。t_suppose that he likes 。t_think I can remember the 100 words within two 。賓語從句的否定轉(zhuǎn)移(1)主句主語是第一人稱，謂語動詞think, believe, suppose, imagine, guess等后面的賓語從句中的否定詞要轉(zhuǎn)移到主句中，即主句的謂語動詞用否定形式，而從句的謂語動詞用肯定形式。t believe ，人們告訴我月亮自身不會發(fā)光，我不相信。(3)如果從句表示客觀事實或真理，不管主句的謂語動詞是何種時態(tài)，從句都要用一般現(xiàn)在時。The boy said that there were no classes on Sunday 。He will tell us what happened to him during our 。重難點 賓語從句的時態(tài)(1)主句的謂語動詞如果是一般現(xiàn)在時或一般將來時，從句的謂語動詞可用任何所需要的時態(tài)。Are you sure that I won39。(2)sure后賓語從句的連接詞that, whether, if的選擇。m sure that they39。m very pleased that all of your family will 。(but that意為“若不是，要不是”)4 形容詞后接賓語從句的用法(1)表示情感的形容詞后可接賓語從句，如：afraid, certain, glad, pleased, sure, surprised, sorry, happy, confident, anxious, aware, convinced, determined, proud, worried, thankful, ashamed, annoyed, disappointed, hurt, content等。The high ine tax is harmful in_that it may discourage people from trying to earn ，因為它可能使人不愿意多賺錢。故填what。典例3 When she was awake, she found that she was standing on________seemed to be a piece of stone.[答案] what 句意：當她醒來時，她發(fā)現(xiàn)自己好像正站在一塊石頭上。He39。介詞后接賓語從句的用法(1)一般情況下介詞后只能接wh173。典例2 You can always rely on________Jack says, as he never tells a lie.[答案] what 句意：你完全可以相信杰克的話，因為他從不說謊。I hate it_when they talk with their mouths full of 。The teacher made it a rule that all the cleaning should be finished before 7：30 every ：30之前所有的清掃工作必須結(jié)束。一些動詞后的賓語從句有賓語補足語時，則需要用it作形式賓語，而將that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句后置。We should keep in mind that there is no short cut to ，學(xué)習(xí)是沒有捷徑的。t know what is the matter with the 。表疑問的賓語從句需要運用陳述句語序，但個別賓語從句本應(yīng)運用陳述語序，但由于習(xí)慣而仍保持原疑問語序不變。That our team will win, I 。t use an umbrella when it was ，下雨天他都不愿打傘。I know nothing about him except that he is from the ，我對他一無所知。故填that。典例1 Jerry did not regret giving the ment but felt ________he could have expressed it differently.[答案] that 句意：杰瑞不后悔給出評論，但是覺得自己本來可以用不同的方式來表達的。Could you please show me how you operate the machine? 你能給我展示一下如何操作這臺機器嗎？I don39。He didn39。I wonder whether/if it is 。賓語從句可分為三類：動詞后的賓語從句、介詞后的賓語從句、形容詞后的賓語從句。故把what改為that。故把that改為why。t reported the accident 答案 that→why [句意：不清楚這個人為什么不早一點報告那起事故。which指某一范圍中的哪個或哪些。that不作成分。that matters is how many times you stand up and try 答案 that→what [句意：你失敗多少次都不要緊；要緊的是你有多少次站起來并再次嘗試。] 5．It doesn39。根據(jù)題干中one of you可知，空處要用whichever修飾one, 指“你們中的任何一個人”?！癐t struck me most in the movie”為主語從句，從句中缺少主語，表示“所……的”，故用What，It不引導(dǎo)從句。] 3．It struck me most in the movie was the father39。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，It 作形式主語，而真正的主語是后面的從句“that th