牛津譯林版英語高二下冊module7unit4publictransportgrammarandusage-文庫吧資料
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【正文】 2020 福建） A. Blaming B. Blamed C. To blame D. To be blamed 8. It is difficult to imagine his _______ the decision without any consideration.（ 2020 陜西） A. to accept B. accept C. accepting D. accepted 答案： 15 BCDBA 68 CBC Well done! Today we’ll learn a new Grammar item—— PARTICIPLES The grammar item in this unit focuses on verbed and verbing, both of which are also called participles. You will review the functions of verbed and verbing in different situations. You are expected to apply what you learn to practice by fulfilling some written tasks. Step 2: Explanation: 1. 分詞的構(gòu)成 分詞分為現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞。現(xiàn)在分詞構(gòu)成為 V+ing, 過去分詞構(gòu)成為 V+ed。 2. 現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞的區(qū)別 1) 在時(shí)態(tài)上，現(xiàn)在分詞表示正在進(jìn)行，而過去分詞表示已經(jīng)完成。 The oppressing class 壓迫階級(jí) The oppressed class 被壓迫階級(jí) Burning fire 燃燒的火焰 Burned skin 燒傷的皮膚 3. 分詞的時(shí)態(tài)與語態(tài) 1) 一般式（主動(dòng)、被動(dòng)） 分詞的一般式的主動(dòng)式所表示的動(dòng)作與謂語動(dòng)詞表示的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生，或在謂語動(dòng)詞表示的動(dòng)作之前發(fā)生。 . When I entered the room, I found him reading. 當(dāng)我進(jìn)入房間時(shí)，我發(fā)現(xiàn)他在讀書。 The building being repaired is a hospital. 正在修建的建筑物是一家醫(yī)院。 Being surrounded, the enemy were forced to put down their guns. 敵人被包圍，不得不繳械投降。完成時(shí)態(tài) 的分詞在句中常作狀語，一般不作定語。 Having been given such a good chance, how could he give it up? 給了這樣好的機(jī)會(huì)，他怎能放棄呢？ 3) 現(xiàn)在分詞的被動(dòng)式與過去分詞的區(qū)別 過去分詞表示動(dòng)作已完成，不強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)間概念，而現(xiàn)在分詞的被動(dòng)式強(qiáng) 調(diào)某一動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行中。 The building being repaired is our library. 正在修建的那個(gè)建筑物是我們的圖書館。 . Walking in the street the other day (=While I was walking in the street the other day), I came across an old friend of mine. 那天我在馬路上走時(shí)，突然碰到了我的一個(gè)老朋友。 4. 分詞的獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu) 分詞（短語）作狀語時(shí) ，盡管在形式上它沒有主語，但其邏輯上的主語必須和謂語動(dòng)詞的主語保持一致。 但是，分詞有時(shí)也有自己獨(dú)立的邏輯上的主語，這種結(jié)構(gòu)稱為分詞的獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu)。 . His mother being ill, he is absent today. 他的母親病了，他今天沒來。（條件） He rushed into the room, his face covered with sweat. 他滿臉是汗地沖進(jìn)了房間。（伴隨） 注意：分詞用于獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)，如果分詞是 being, having been done 形式時(shí)，沒有實(shí)際意義的 being或 having been 可以省略。 The report (having been) read, a discussion began. 讀完報(bào)告，開始討論。 Step 3: Practice: 1. Let’s look at Part A on page 57. In this part, you’ll read a newspaper article about car pollution. You need to find out the participles used in the article and identify their functions. Write attr for an attribute and adv for an adverbial above each participle phrase. Answers leading attr released attr increasing attr breathing attr noticing adv breathing related attr caused attr realizing adv 2. Now, please turn to Part B on page 57. By doing this part, you’ll have another chance to practise using the participles. Answers (1) pleased (2) interesting (3) confusing (4) annoying (5) amused (6) tired (7) surprising (8) relaxing (9) excited (10) disa
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