重工業(yè)向現(xiàn)代服務(wù)業(yè)的轉(zhuǎn)型-文庫吧資料
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【正文】 URFACE: SQUARE KILOMETRES面積： ? POPULATION: INHABITANTS人口： ? TRADITIONAL MAIN ACTIVITIES: COAL MINING AND STEEL MAKING (PUBLIC COMPANIES) 傳統(tǒng)的主要經(jīng)濟活動：開采煤礦和煉鋼（上市公司） CASE STUDY: ASTURIAS, SPAIN 案例研究：西班牙阿斯圖里亞斯 COAL MINING AREA (CENTRAL ASTURIAN MINING BASIN) 煤礦開采區(qū)域（阿斯圖里亞斯中部煤礦區(qū)） ? VALLEYS OF THE RIVERS NALON AND CAUDAL NALON和 CAUDAL河的山谷 ? 11 MUNICIPALITIES ?11個自治市 ? 25% OF ASTURIAS POPULATION ?占阿斯圖里亞斯人口的 25% ? MAIN ECONOMIC ACTIVITY: COAL MINING ?主要經(jīng)濟活動：煤礦開采 ? COMPANY: HUNOSA (STATE OWNED) ?公司： HUNOSA（國有） Siero Langreo SMRA Laviana Mieres Aller Morcin Riosa CASE STUDY: ASTURIAS, SPAIN 案例研究：西班牙阿斯圖里亞斯 NUMBER OF WORKERS PEAK (1969): TODAY (2023): NUMBER OF COLLIERIES 1967: 29 2023: 8 工人數(shù)量 頂峰時期（ 1969年）： 26， 590 目前（ 2023）： 3， 500 煤礦數(shù)量 1967: 29 2023: 8 CASE STUDY: ASTURIAS, SPAIN 案例研究：西班牙阿斯圖里亞斯 TO CREATE AN INDUSTRIAL NETWORK ALTERNATIVE TO MINING TO GENERATE JOBS AND RICHNESS IN THE COAL MINING BASIN TO REINFORCE THE ECONOMIC STRUCTURE IN THE COAL MINING BASIN TO COMPENSATE FOR THE LOSS OF MINING EMPLOYMENT TO REUSE HUNOSA’S IDLE GROUND GOALS OF THE ASTURIAN REGENERATION PROCESS CASE STUDY: ASTURIAS, SPAIN 案例研究：西班牙阿斯圖里亞斯 MAIN FIELDS OF ACTIVITY PLAN FOR COAL MINING AND THE ALTERNATIVE DEVELOPMENT OF COAL MINING AREAS CASE STUDY: ASTURIAS, SPAIN 案例研究：西班牙阿斯圖里亞斯 SOCIEDAD REGIONAL DE PROMOC ION ? 100% REGIONAL GOVERNMENT SOCIEDAD PARA EL DESARROLLO DE LAS COMARCAS MINERAS ? 50% REGIONAL GOVERNMENT ? 50% HUNOSA SADIM INVERSIONES ? 100% HUNOSA VENTURE CAPITAL SOCIETIES CASE STUDY: ASTURIAS, SPAIN TOTAL INVESTMENT SUBSIDIES JOBS CREATED TOTAL INVESTMENT SUBSIDIES JOBS CREATED TOTAL INFRASTRUCTURE 1160,69 287,32 1448,01 INVESTMENT PROMOTION 1179,09 214,22 4973 40,72 9,34 119 1219,81 EDUCATION TRAINING 115,75 39 144,75 TOTAL 2455,53 214,22 4973 367,04 9,34 119 RESULTS ACHIEVED 19982023 2023 2023 Data in million € GUIDELINES指導方針 OVERALL RESTRUCTURING STRATEGY整體重組戰(zhàn)略 ? LONGTERM PLANNING OF RESTRUCTURING ALLOWS FOR EARLY ACTION MEASURES ?重組的長遠規(guī)劃要考慮到早期行動舉措 ? NEED FOR A HIGH LEVEL OF COMMUNICATION BETWEEN ALL PARTIES INVOLVED ?需要涉及方的高度溝通和交流 ? ESTABLISHMENT OF A GUIDING MANAGEMENT STRUCTURE ?建立一個指導性的管理機構(gòu) ? REGENERATION STRATEGIES MUST ADDRESS THE NEEDS OF DIRECTLY AFFECTED WORKFORCE AND OF THE COMING GENERATION ?重建戰(zhàn)略必須解決受到直接影響的勞動力以及未來勞動力的需求 ? EARLY RETIREMENT SCHEMES HAVE BEEN WIDELY USED MAIN PROBLEMS: LONGTERM LIABILITY TO SUPPORT RETIRED PEOPLE LOSS OF SKILLS 提前退休計劃已得到了廣泛的應(yīng)用 主要問題：為保障退休人員的生活，企業(yè)長期負債 缺乏技術(shù)熟練工人 ? EDUCATION AND TRAINING ARE VITAL COMPONENTS OF THE REGENERATION PROCESS ?教育和培訓是重建進程中必不可少的重要組成部分 ? SMALL AND MEDIUM SIZED ENTERPRISES OFFER GREATER EMPLOYMENT POTENTIAL ?中小型企業(yè)具有提供更多工作機會的潛力 ? NEED FOR “MENTAL ADJUSTMENT” ?需要“心理順應(yīng)” GUIDELINES指導方針 AFFECTED COMMUNITIES受到影響的社區(qū) ? NEED TO PUBLICLY DEMONSTRATE A COMMITMENT TO MAINTAINING ECONOMIC ACTIVITY IN THE AFFECTED COMMUNITIES ?需要公開承諾維護受影響社區(qū)的經(jīng)濟活動 ? RECOGNISE THE SENSE OF LOSS WHEN A HEAVY INDUSTRY CLOSES DOWN ?一項重工業(yè)關(guān)閉時，承認其損失 ?MAINTAINING THE IDENTITY SIGNS LINKED TO FORMER ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES ?保持與先前經(jīng)濟活動相關(guān)的標志 ? MAINTAIN CONTINUITY OF COMMUNITY SERVICES ?保持社區(qū)服務(wù)的連續(xù)性 ? CARE FOR THE HOUSING REQUIREMENTS (IF HOUSING WAS LINKED TO JOBS) ?關(guān)注住房需求（如果住房與原工作掛鉤） ?COLLABORATION FOR THE ESTABLISHMENT OF “SELFHELP” ORGANISATIONS ?合作成立“自助”組織 ? EVALUATE RESETTLEMENT WHEN THERE ARE NO FUTURE PROSPECTS ?如果沒有未來發(fā)展前景，評估重新安置 GUIDELINES指導方針 AFFECTED INDIVIDUAL受到影響的個人 ? NEED FOR INDIVIDUAL SUPPORT FROM ORGANISATIONS THEY CAN TRUST ?需要由個體信任的組織向個體提供支持 ? RETRAINING APPROPRIATE TO THE NEEDS OF POTENTIAL FUTURE EMPLOYERS ?根據(jù)未來潛在工作機會的需要進行再培訓 ? ADVICE ON JOB SEARCHING AND TRAINING MUST BE PROVIDED ON AN INDIVIDUAL BASIS ?必須向個體提供就業(yè)咨詢和培訓 ? INDEPENDENT FINANCIAL ADVICE IS IMPORTANT ?獨立的財務(wù)咨詢很重要 ? TRANSITIONAL INCOME SUPPORT WHEN MINERS TAKE LOWERPAID WORK ?當?shù)V工從事低收入工作時，必須提供過渡性的收入支持 ? VERY LOW ENTR
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