【正文】 en I couldn’t bear it.幾年前，我去瑞士達沃斯旁聽一個全球健康問題論壇，會議的內(nèi)容有關(guān)于如何拯救幾百萬條生命。 you have to convey the human impact of the work – so people can feel what saving a life means to the families affected.但是，這些還不夠，如果你想激勵其他人參加你的項目，你就必須拿出更多的統(tǒng)計數(shù)字。這些都是很關(guān)鍵的，不僅有利于改善項目效果，也有利于從商界和政府得到更多的幫助。你必須讓他人知道，你的項目為幾百萬兒童新接種了疫苗。The final step – after seeing the problem and finding an approach – is to measure the impact of your work and share your successes and failures so that others learn from your efforts.在發(fā)現(xiàn)問題和找到解決方法之后，就是最后一步 —— 評估工作結(jié)果，將你的成功經(jīng)驗或者失敗經(jīng)驗傳播出去，這樣其他人就可以從你的努力中有所收獲。關(guān)鍵的東西是永遠不要停止思考和行動。Pursuing that goal starts the fourstep cycle again. This is the pattern. The crucial thing is to never stop thinking and working – and never do what we did with malaria and tuberculosis in the 20th century – which is to surrender to plexity and quit.要實現(xiàn)這個新的目標，又可以采用新的四步循環(huán)。但是，這樣研究工作很可能十年之內(nèi)都無法完成。最理想的技術(shù)是發(fā)明一種疫苗，只要注射一次，就可以終生免疫?？偟哪繕?，毫無疑問是消滅這種疾病。Cutting through plexity to find a solution runs through four predictable stages: determine a goal, find the highestleverage approach, discover the ideal technology for that approach, and in the meantime, make the smartest application of the technology that you already have — whether it’s something sophisticated, like a drug, or something simpler, like a bednet.從這個復(fù)雜的世界中找到解決辦法，可以分為四個步驟：確定目標，找到最高效的方法，發(fā)現(xiàn)適用于這個方法的新技術(shù)，同時最聰明地利用現(xiàn)有的技術(shù)，不管它是復(fù)雜的藥物，還是最簡單的蚊帳。我們就能夠保證不浪費一丁點全世界人類對他人的關(guān)心。Finding solutions is essential if we want to make the most of our caring. If we have clear and proven answers anytime an organization or individual asks How can I help?, then we can get action – and we can make sure that none of the caring in the world is wasted. But plexity makes it hard to mark a path of action for everyone who cares — and that makes it hard for their caring to matter.如果我們要讓關(guān)心落到實處，我們就必須找到解決辦法。所以我們會將臉轉(zhuǎn)過去。另一方面，即使 我們確實目睹了事件本身或者看到了相關(guān)報道，我們也很難持續(xù)關(guān)注這些事件。媒體總是報告新聞，幾百萬人將要死去并非新聞。 ”The bigger problem is not the plane crash, but the millions of preventable deaths.顯然，更重要的問題不是這次空難，而是其他幾百萬可以預(yù)防的死亡事件。But if the officials were brutally honest, they would say: Of all the people in the world who died today from preventable causes, one half of one percent of them were on this plane. We’re determined to do everything possible to solve the problem that took the lives of the one half of one percent.但是如果那些官員敢說真話，他們就會說： “ 在今天這一天，全世界所有可以避免的死亡之中，只有% 的死者來自于這次空難。Even with the advent of the Internet and 24hour news, it is still a plex enterprise to get people to truly see the problems. When an airplane crashes, officials iMMediately call a press conference. They promise to investigate, determine the cause, and prevent similar crashes in the future.即使有了互聯(lián)網(wǎng)和 24 小時直播的新聞臺，讓人們真正發(fā)現(xiàn)問題所在，仍然十分困難。To turn caring into action, we need to see a problem, see a solution, and see the impact. But plexity blocks all three steps.為了將關(guān)心轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)樾袆?，我們需要找到問題，發(fā)現(xiàn)解決辦法的方法，評估后果。The barrier to change is not too little caring。但是我們什么也沒做，并非我們無動于衷，而是因為我們不知道做什么和怎么做。I believe we have more caring than we know what to do with.我相信，問題不是我們不在乎，而是我們不知道怎么做。 —— 因為人類對這個問題根本不在乎。但是，我也遇到過那些感到絕望的懷疑主義者。它不可能被完全完成，但是任何自覺地解決這個問題的嘗試，都將會改變這個世界。If we can find approaches that meet the needs of the poor in ways that generate profits for business and votes for politicians, we will have found a sustainable way to reduce inequity in the world. This task is openended. It can never be finished. But a conscious effort to answer this challenge will change the world.如果我們能夠找到這樣一種方法，既可以幫到窮人，又可以為商人帶來利潤，為政治家?guī)磉x票，那么我們就找到了一種減少世界性不平等的可持續(xù)的發(fā)展道路。We can make market forces work better for the poor if we can develop a more creative capitalism – if we can stretch the reach of market forces so that more people can make a profit, or at least make a living, serving people who are suffering from the worst inequities. We also can press governments around the world to spend taxpayer money in ways that better reflect the values of the people who pay the taxes.我們可以讓市場更好地為窮人服務(wù)，如果我們能夠設(shè)計出一種更有創(chuàng)新性的資本主義制度 —— 如果我們可以改變市場，讓更多的人可以獲得利潤，或者至少可 以維持生活 —— 那么，這就可以幫到那些正在極端不平等的狀況中受苦的人們。這些兒童之所以會死亡，是因為他們的父母在經(jīng)濟上沒有實力，在政治上沒有能力發(fā)出聲音。我們問： “ 這個世界怎么可以眼睜睜看著這些孩子死去? ”The answer is simple, and harsh. The market did not reward saving the lives of these children, and governments did not subsidize it. So the children died because their mothers and their fathers had no power in the market and no voice in the system.答案很簡單，也很令人難堪。如果這是真的，那么它理應(yīng)是我們努力的頭等大事。If you believe that every life has equal value, it’s revolting to learn that some lives are seen as worth saving and others are not. We said to ourselves: This can’t be true. But if it is true, it deserves to be the priority of our giving.如果你相信每個生命都是平等的，那么當你發(fā)現(xiàn)某些生命被挽救了，而另一些生命被放棄了，你會感到無法接受。但是事實并非如此。We