甲狀腺激素和抗甲狀腺藥thyroidhormonesandantithyroid-文庫吧資料
2025-07-26 03:22本頁面
【正文】 gative feedback regulation of hypothalamusanterior lobethyroid axis. Hypothalamus secrets TRH ,anterior lobe secrets TSH and thyroid synthesize T3 , T4. Steps of thyroid hormones synthesis, release and regulation (Ⅱ ) Synthesis, storage and release of thyroid hormone Gastrointestinal I Blood I I Peroxidase Io TG Tyr Iodation MIT DIT Condensation MIT+DIT DIT+DIT T3 T4 TG Acinar lumina Storage Synthesis Release Activation Protease T3 T4 MIT 一碘酪氨酸 DIT 二碘酪氨酸 TG 甲狀腺球蛋白 blood Thyroid hormones Mechanism of action The binding of T3 and R increases the uptake of aa and glucose, resulting in the entrance to cytoplasm of T3 . After reacting with CBP, T3 is educed. The free T3 can bind R in the mitochondria and make ADP to ATP. Besides, it can enter the nuclear and bind R there, which can increase the transcription of DNA and the content of mRNA. Then the new proteins can be synthesized and play roles. Mechanism of action（ figure) It is believed now that the thermogenic action of T3 and T4 is due to the increase of sodium pumps activity on the cell membrane . Na+,K+— ATPase activity ATP utilization ADP concentration mitochondria respiration oxide consumption and heat production Thyroid hormones Physiological and pharmacological actions Keep normal growth and development Promote synthesis of proteins as well as growth and development of skeleton and CNS. T3, T4 deficient secretion: causes cretinism in infants and young children and mucous edema in adults. Promote metabolism and increase heat production Promote oxidation, increase oxygen consumption, basal metabolic rate and heat production. Elevate sensitivity of sympathetic adrenal system Nervousness, trembling, heartbeat speed up, blood pressure increase Thyroid clinical application Replacement therapy mainly Therapy and diagnosis Application Cretinism Treating the infants and children as soon as possible could cure them to normal . If treating too late, they need to be treated a lifetime. Mucous edema Increase the dosage of thyroid pallet gradually . Too large dosage may aggravate heart diseases . Patients in a should be given a fist aid, which is infusion of T3 （ 40120μg） intravenoiusly , reinjection 5－ 15μg every 6h and oral administration
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