1997年6月cet6閱讀理解真題及答案模板-文庫吧資料
2025-06-29 04:38本頁面
【正文】 s C) enhance the market position of products D) introduce new products 5. The author is critical mainly of ________. A) dishonest packaging B) inferior packaging C) the changes in package size D) exaggerated illustrations on packages1小題、【正確答案】：C2小題、【正確答案】：D3小題、【正確答案】：B4小題、【正確答案】：C5小題、【正確答案】：A【參考解析】：無第2題：If sustainable petitive advantage depends on workforce skills, American firms have a problem. Humanresource management is not traditionally seen as central to the petitive survival of the firm in United States. Skill acquisition is considered an individual responsibility. Labour is simply another factor of production to be hiredrented at the lowest possible costmuch as one buys raw materials or equipment. The lack of importance attached to humanresource management can be seen in the corporate hierarchy. In an American firm the chief financial officer is almost always second in mand. The post of head of humanresource management is usually a specialized job, off at the edge of the corporate hierarchy. The executive who holds it is never consulted on major strategic decisions and has no chance to move up to Chief Executive Officer (CEO). By way of contrast, in Japan the head of humanresource management is centralusually the second most important executive, after the CEO, in the firm’s hierarchy. While American firms often talk about the vast amounts spent on training their work forces, in fact they invest less in the skills of their employees than do either Japanese or German firms. The money they do invest is also more highly concentrated on professional and managerial employees. And the limited investments that are made in training workers are also much more narrowly focused on the specific skills necessary to do the next job rather than on the basic background skills that make it possible to absorb new technologies. As a result, problems emerge when new breakthrough technologies arrive. If American workers, for example, take much longer to learn how to operate new flexible manufacturing stations than workers in Germany (as they do), the effective cost of those stations is lower in Germany than it is in the United States. More time is required before equipment is up and running at capacity, and the need for extensive retraining generates costs and creates bottlenecks that limit the speed with which new equipment can be employed. The result is as lower pace of technological change. And in the end the skills of the population affect the wages of the top half. If the bottom half can’t effectively staff the processes that have to be operated, the management and professional jobs that to with these processes will disappear. 1. Which of the following applies to the management of human resources in American panies? A) They hire people at the lowest cost regardless of their skills. B) They see the gaining of skills as their employees’ own business. C) They attach more importance to workers than equipment. D) They only hire skilled
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