第十六講虛擬語(yǔ)氣-文庫(kù)吧資料
2025-06-24 15:06本頁(yè)面
【正文】 an, proposal, advice, demand等名詞后的表語(yǔ)從句或同位語(yǔ)從句從句謂語(yǔ)用“should+動(dòng)詞原形”，should可省。）從句謂語(yǔ)用“should+動(dòng)詞原形”，should可省。 you had worked hard yesterday, you would be tired now2. If we hadn’t been working hard in the past few years, things woud be going so smoothly.含蓄條件句（虛擬條件暗含在短語(yǔ)或上下文之中，從句不表現(xiàn)出來(lái)）(常見(jiàn)有but for“要不是” without等)根據(jù)句子表達(dá)的實(shí)際情況選用相應(yīng)的虛擬條件句中的主句的動(dòng)詞形式 air, there would be no living things. would have given you more help, but I was busy now.名詞性從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣wish, “可惜……”“……就好了”，“悔不該……”“但愿……”wish后從句：與表各種時(shí)間的虛擬條件句中的從句動(dòng)詞形式基本相同。(并只限were/ had)主句：根據(jù)虛擬的情況采取與從句相應(yīng)的形式。It is high time you should go to work. 你早該上班了。五、定語(yǔ)從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣英語(yǔ)中，表示：“早該做某事了”時(shí)，定語(yǔ)從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞須用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，其虛擬語(yǔ)氣的結(jié)構(gòu)為：It is (high / about) time that + 主語(yǔ)+ 動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式/ should + 動(dòng)詞原形。如：I’m very sorry that you should have failed the exam. 我很遺憾，你這次考試竟然失敗了。I was astonished that he should not answer such an easy question. 我很驚訝他竟答不出如此簡(jiǎn)單的問(wèn)題。其虛擬語(yǔ)氣的結(jié)構(gòu)為：① should + 原形動(dòng)詞(指現(xiàn)在或?qū)?lái))。He coughed twice as if someone should e. 他咳嗽兩聲就好像有人要來(lái)了。虛擬語(yǔ)氣的結(jié)構(gòu)為：表示所發(fā)生的時(shí)間虛擬語(yǔ)氣結(jié)構(gòu)發(fā)生在主句動(dòng)作之前had + 過(guò)去分詞與主句動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生過(guò)去時(shí)(be 用were )發(fā)生在主句動(dòng)作之后would / could / might / should+原形動(dòng)詞例如：They began to talk warmly as if they had known each other for long. 他們開(kāi)始熱烈的談?wù)撈饋?lái)就好像他們已相互認(rèn)識(shí)很久了。Although / Though he should be secretary, he must obey the rules. 盡管他是書記，他也必須遵守規(guī)定。 (2) 在though, although等引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句中，從句虛擬語(yǔ)氣結(jié)構(gòu)為 should +動(dòng)詞原形，主句結(jié)構(gòu)不限。如：Even if he were here himself, he should not know what to do. 即是他親自來(lái)也不知該怎么辦。He started out earlier lest he should be late. 他很早就出發(fā)了以防遲到。四、其他狀語(yǔ)從句的虛擬語(yǔ)氣1. 目的狀語(yǔ)從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣(1) 在for fear that, in case, lest引導(dǎo)的目的狀語(yǔ)從句中，若用虛擬語(yǔ)氣時(shí)，從句謂語(yǔ)為： should + 動(dòng)詞原形。②省略主句If I were at home now. 要是我現(xiàn)在在家里該多好啊。①省略從句He would have finished it. 他本該完成了。Without your instruction, I would not have made such great progress. 要是沒(méi)有你的指導(dǎo)，我不會(huì)取得如此大的進(jìn)步。如：I would have e to see you, but I was too busy. 我本該來(lái)看你了，然而我太忙了。Had he learnt about puters, we would have hired him to work here. 如果她懂一些電腦知識(shí)的話，我們會(huì)已經(jīng)聘用他來(lái)這里工作了。如：Should he agree to go there, we would send him there. 要是他答應(yīng)去的話，我們就派他去。如：If it had not been raining too much, the crops would be growing much better. 如果天不下太多的雨的話，莊家會(huì)長(zhǎng)得更好。If he knew her, he would have greeted her. 要是他認(rèn)識(shí)她的話，他肯定會(huì)去問(wèn)候她了。②從句的動(dòng)作與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反，而主句的動(dòng)作與過(guò)去事實(shí)不符。①?gòu)木涞膭?dòng)作與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反，而主句的動(dòng)作與現(xiàn)在或現(xiàn)在正在發(fā)生的事實(shí)不符。If I were you, I would try my best to grasp the chance. 要是我是你的話，我要盡力抓住這次機(jī)會(huì)。但在倒裝虛擬結(jié)構(gòu)及if I were you, as it were中，只能用were。If I had got there earlier, I would have met Mr. Li. 如果我早點(diǎn)到那兒，我就會(huì)會(huì)到了李先生。(3) 過(guò)去時(shí)的條件句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣。如：If he were free, he would help us. 要是他有空的話，它會(huì)幫助我們的。If he were to e here, he would tell us about it. 如果他要來(lái)的話，他會(huì)通知我們一聲。2. 條件句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣的舉例(1) 將來(lái)時(shí)的條件句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣。時(shí)間 從句動(dòng)詞形式 主句動(dòng)詞形式將來(lái)動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式(be用were)should + 動(dòng)詞原形were to + 動(dòng)詞原形如：1. He ordered that the books be sent at once.= He ordered that the books should be sent at once.= He ordered the books to be sent at once.2. It is important that she be placed in an appropriate job.= It is important that she should be placed in an appropriate job.= It is important for her to be placed in an appropriate job.三、 非真實(shí)條件句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣1. 條件句中虛擬語(yǔ)氣的動(dòng)詞形式從句中提出一種與客觀現(xiàn)實(shí)不相符或根本不可能存在的條件，主句會(huì)產(chǎn)生的一種不可能獲得的結(jié)果。Their plan is that they should build a new factory in their hometown. 他們的計(jì)劃就是在家鄉(xiāng)建一座新工廠。He told us his idea that he should go to university. 他告訴了我們他的想法：他想上大學(xué)。其虛擬語(yǔ)氣的結(jié)構(gòu)為：(should) + 動(dòng)詞原形。It worries me that we should be blamed for that
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