【正文】 t shows the particulars mentioned in paragraph 3 of Article 3, shall for the purpose of this Article be deemed to constitute a shipped bill of lading. 7．貨物裝船后，如果托運(yùn)人要求，簽發(fā)“已裝船”提單，承運(yùn)人、船長或承運(yùn)人的代理人簽發(fā)給托運(yùn)人的提單，應(yīng)為“已裝船”提單，如果托運(yùn)人事先已取得這種貨物的物權(quán)單據(jù)，應(yīng)交還這種單據(jù)，換取“已裝船”提單。 除非從貨物交付之日或應(yīng)交付之日起一年內(nèi)提出訴訟，承運(yùn)人和船舶在任何情況下都免除對滅失或損害所負(fù)的一切責(zé)任。如果滅失或損壞不明顯，則這種通知應(yīng)于交付貨物之日起的三天內(nèi)提交。承運(yùn)人的這種賠償權(quán)利，并不減輕其根據(jù)運(yùn)輸合同對托運(yùn)人以外的任何人所承擔(dān)的責(zé)任和義務(wù)。4. Such a bill of lading shall be prima facie evidence of the receipt by the carrier of the goods as therein described in accordance with paragraph 3(a), (b) and (c). 4．依照第3款(a)、(b)、(c)項(xiàng)所載內(nèi)容的這樣一張?zhí)釂?，?yīng)作為承運(yùn)人收到該提單中所載貨物的初步證據(jù)。 (c) 貨物的表面狀況。3. After receiving the goods into his charge the carrier or the master or agent of the carrier shall, on demand of the shipper, issue to the shipper a bill of lading showing among other things: (a) The leading marks necessary for identification of the goods as the same are furnished in writing by the shipper before the loading of such goods starts, provided such marks are stamped or otherwise shown clearly upon the goods if uncovered, or on the cases or coverings in which such goods are contained, in such a manner as should ordinarily remain legible until the end of the voyage. (b) Either the number of packages or pieces, or the quantity, or weight, as the case may be, as furnished in writing by the shipper. (c) The apparent order and condition of the goods. Provided that no carrier, master or agent of the carrier shall be bound to state or show in the bill of lading any marks, number, quantity, or weight which he has reasonable ground for suspecting not accurately to represent the goods actually received, or which he has had no reasonable means of checking. 3．承運(yùn)人或船長或承運(yùn)人的代理人在收受貨物歸其照管后，經(jīng)托運(yùn)人的請求，應(yīng)向托運(yùn)人簽發(fā)提單，其上載明下列各項(xiàng)： (a) 與開始裝貨前由托運(yùn)人書面提供者相同的、為辨認(rèn)貨物所需的主要標(biāo)志，如果這項(xiàng)標(biāo)志是以印戳或其他方式標(biāo)示在不帶包裝的貨物上，或在其中裝有貨物的箱子或包裝物上，該項(xiàng)標(biāo)志通常應(yīng)在航程終了時仍能保持清晰可認(rèn)。Article 31. The carrier shall be bound before and at the beginning of the voyage to exercise due diligence to: (a) Make the ship seaworthy. (b) Properly man, equip and supply the ship. (c) Make the holds, refrigerating and cool chambers, and all other parts of the ship in which goods are carried, fit and safe for their reception, carriage and preservation. 第三條1．承運(yùn)人須在開航前和開航時謹(jǐn)慎處理： (a) 使船舶適航； (b) 適當(dāng)?shù)嘏鋫浯瑔T、裝備船舶和供應(yīng)船舶； (c) 使貨艙、冷藏艙和該船其他載貨處所能適宜和安全地收受、運(yùn)送和保管貨物。 (e) “貨物運(yùn)輸”是指自貨物裝上船時起，至卸下船時止的一段期間。 (c) “貨物”包括貨物、制品、商品和任何種類的物品，但活牲畜以及在運(yùn)輸合同上載明裝載于艙面上并且已經(jīng)這樣裝運(yùn)的貨物除外。International Convention for the Unification of Certain Rules of Law relating to Bills of Lading (Hague Rules), and Protocol of Signature (Brussels, 25 August 1924)統(tǒng)一提單的若干法律規(guī)則的國際公約——海牙規(guī)則Article 1In this Convention the following words are employed with the meanings set out below: (a) Carrier includes the owner or the charterer who enters into a contract of carriage with a shipper. (b) Contract of carriage applies only to contracts of carriage covered by a bill of lading or any similar document of title, in so far as such document relates to the carriage of goods by sea, including any bill of lading or any similar document as aforesaid issued under or pursuant to a charter party from the moment at which such bill of lading or similar document of title regulates the relations between a carrier and a holder of the same. (c) Goods includes goods, wares, merchandise and articles of every kind whatsoever except live animals and cargo which by the contract of carriage in stated as being carried on deck and is so carried. (d) Ship means any vessel used for the carriage of goods by sea. (e) Carriage of goods covers the period from the time when the goods are loaded on to the time they are discharged from the ship. 第一條本公約所用下列各詞，涵義如下： (a) “承運(yùn)人”包括與托運(yùn)人訂有運(yùn)輸合同的船舶所有人或租船人。 (b) “運(yùn)輸合同”僅適用于以提單或任何類似的物權(quán)憑證進(jìn)行有關(guān)海上貨物運(yùn)輸?shù)暮贤辉谧獯贤禄蚋鶕?jù)租船合同所簽發(fā)的提單或任何物權(quán)憑證，在它們成為制約承運(yùn)人與憑證持有人之間的關(guān)系準(zhǔn)則時，也包括在內(nèi)。 (d) “船舶”是指用于海上貨物運(yùn)輸?shù)娜魏未?。Article 2Subject to the provisions of Article 6, under every contract of carriage of goods by sea the carrier, in relation to the loading, handling, stowage, carriage, custody, care and discharge of such goods, shall be subject to the responsibilities and liabilities, and entitled to the rights and immunities hereinafter set forth. 第二條 除遵照第六條規(guī)定外，每個海上貨物運(yùn)輸合同的承運(yùn)人，對有關(guān)貨物的裝載、搬運(yùn)、積載、運(yùn)送、保管、照料和卸載，都應(yīng)按照下列規(guī)定承擔(dān)責(zé)任和義務(wù)，并享受權(quán)利和豁免。2. Subject to the provisions of Article 4, the carrier shall properly and carefully load, handle, stow, carry, keep, care for, and discharge the goods carried. 2．除遵照第四條規(guī)定外，承運(yùn)人應(yīng)適當(dāng)和謹(jǐn)慎地裝卸、搬運(yùn)、積載、運(yùn)送、保管、照料和卸載所運(yùn)貨物。 (b) 托運(yùn)人用書面提供的包數(shù)或件數(shù)，或數(shù)量，或重量。 但是，承運(yùn)人、船長或承運(yùn)人的代理人，不一定必須將任何貨物的標(biāo)志、號碼、數(shù)量或重量表明或標(biāo)示在提單上，如果他有合理根據(jù)懷疑提單不能正確代表實(shí)際收到的貨物，或無適當(dāng)方法進(jìn)行核對的話。5. The shipper shall be deemed to have guaranteed to the carrier the accuracy at the time of shipment of the marks, number, quantity and weight, as furnished by him, a