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單片機(jī)步進(jìn)電機(jī)控制系統(tǒng)外文文獻(xiàn)翻譯--簡(jiǎn)單緊湊的大步長(zhǎng)線性壓電步進(jìn)電機(jī)-文庫(kù)吧資料

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【正文】 ice skating shoes sliding on ice, allowing bigger pressing forces more rigid without increasing the frictions。 2020 American Institute of Physics. DOI: I. INTRODUCTION The scanning probe microscope(SPM)is a powerful tool in the ?eld of nanotechnology with some important types having atomic or even subatomic resolutions. One key ponent of an SPM is its coarse approach positioner which brings the tip and sample as close as in nanometer range and is many times a piezoelectric –11 The piezomotor has nevertheless other important applications such as mirror positioning in modern optics12 and cell or DNA Up to now, there are many kinds of piezomotors found in literatures including Inchworm,3,14–19 beetle type,5–7,10,20–22 shear piezostepper,2,8,9,11,23,24 and inertial slider,4,25–28 , they all have severe drawbacks. For the ?rst three types, each needs three or more piezoelectric actuators to operate, which is too plicated in both structure and control. Their reliability and applications in small space(extreme condition environments)and weak signal measurements all bee severe issues. Inertial slider is rather simple, but not very rigid(prone to vibration, thus downgrading the quality of atomic images)and unable to produce enough pushing force. In this paper, we demonstrate a piezoelectric motor that does not have the above limitations. It is implemented by a single piezoelectric scanner tube(PST) that is axially and deeply cut into almost two halves and grips a hollow shaft (HS)inside from both ends by the spring parts of the driving voltages that separately deform the two halves of the PST in one direction and concurrently recover will move the HS one step in the opposite direction, and vice versa. Its pactness, simplicity, rigidity, and large step size make it particularly useful in small space(extreme conditions)and low temperature applications. II. DESIGN AND PRINCIPLE Figure 1 shows the schematic of our design. A photo of the actual setup is given in Fig. 2. Two sapphire rings of thick by and mm inner versus outer diameters are glued(with H74F epoxy from Epoxy Technology)onto the ends of a fourquadrant PST(model of Physik Instrumente, 30 mm long by 10 mm outer diameter by wall thickness with 177。 accepted 16 July 2020。 致謝 這項(xiàng)工程得到了中國(guó)國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金 10627403 號(hào),中國(guó)國(guó)家強(qiáng)磁場(chǎng)設(shè)施計(jì)劃和中國(guó)科學(xué)院自然科學(xué)基金 YZ202046 的資助。耐久度測(cè)試結(jié)果非常好。 200V)( b)最大工作電壓(頻率 =20Hz) 圖 6 用圓形空心管測(cè)試的電機(jī) 步長(zhǎng)(左側(cè)垂直軸)和速度(右側(cè)垂直軸)( a)頻率(最大工作電壓 =177。當(dāng)然,空心管外部可以加上耐磨金屬材料進(jìn)行更好的保護(hù)(如果需要的話)。 200V和 50Hz 的驅(qū)動(dòng)電壓下超過(guò)一千次的 3mm 的替換條件下操作電機(jī),電機(jī)任然能正常工作。 方形空心管可以承受磨損和撕裂的問(wèn)題,因?yàn)樗乃膫€(gè)邊緣可以被藍(lán)色環(huán)固定。方形空心管電機(jī)的運(yùn)行曲線如圖 6所示,比圓形空心管電機(jī)的曲線更平滑更穩(wěn)定。雖然我們從圓形空心管中獲得了較大的步長(zhǎng),但是我們更傾向于使用方形空心管,因?yàn)樗膬?yōu)點(diǎn)限制更少。我們?cè)O(shè)置的最大驅(qū)動(dòng)頻率是 50Hz,圓形空心管(向上運(yùn)行對(duì)向下運(yùn)行)和方形空心管(向上運(yùn)行對(duì)向下運(yùn)行)的轉(zhuǎn)速分別是( 對(duì))( 對(duì) ) mm/min。所有這些步長(zhǎng)值都比其他類似大小的壓電電機(jī) 9,11,23 的步長(zhǎng)要大。當(dāng)移動(dòng)方向變?yōu)橄蛏系臅r(shí)候,步長(zhǎng)因?yàn)橹亓ψ優(yōu)? m。圓形空心管的壓力值設(shè)為 N1≈ N2≈ Nbr≈ ,這個(gè)值遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)小于驅(qū)動(dòng)壓電 P1 和P2的阻力值( Fbl1~ Fbl2~ 2N)。如果夾持彈簧鏈接到藍(lán)色環(huán)(不是空心管),移動(dòng)范圍上的這個(gè)問(wèn)題的限制任然是可以解決的。因?yàn)槿绻?LC=0,空心管不能運(yùn)動(dòng),那么運(yùn)動(dòng)范圍最終由 0LCLB 決定。 (LC+LB)。 (LC+LB),LC在圖 4 中,彈簧產(chǎn)生的理Fs, LB 和 LC 分別代表從彈簧到基環(huán),從彈簧到半圓形夾持環(huán)的距離,由杠桿原理可知: LB 圖 3( a)趨勢(shì)空心管朝壓電掃描管方向擴(kuò)張的兩個(gè)驅(qū)動(dòng)電壓( b)趨勢(shì)空心管朝壓電掃描管相反方向擴(kuò)張的兩個(gè)驅(qū)動(dòng)電壓 顯然的,夾持力 N1, N2 和 Nbr 在空心管運(yùn)動(dòng)時(shí)不是一直存在的,因此需要限制它的運(yùn)動(dòng)范圍。切割平面之間的距離是??招沫h(huán)也可以使用如圖 3( b)所示的驅(qū)動(dòng)電壓在相反的方向上移動(dòng),原理是類似的。這次僅在基礎(chǔ)環(huán)和空心環(huán)之間的電壓發(fā)生了下滑,因?yàn)閒rbrfr1+fr2,這意味著 P1 和 P2 同時(shí)拖動(dòng)著空心 管從基環(huán)擴(kuò)張的方向上移動(dòng)了一步。 T5 是另外一個(gè)等待時(shí)間,它也是可以去掉的。這會(huì)導(dǎo)致 P1 和空心管的自由端電壓下降(與 T2 時(shí)間的動(dòng)作原因一樣)。這種純粹的“等待”是為下一步的同步做好準(zhǔn)備,這不是必須的,可以去掉來(lái) 節(jié)省時(shí)間。這會(huì)導(dǎo)致 P2 和空心管的自由端的電壓下降,而不是基環(huán)和空心環(huán)指間電壓的下滑,因?yàn)?P2 到空心管的最大靜摩擦力小于 fr2 小于 P1 到空心管與基環(huán)到空心管的最大靜摩擦力之和, fr1+frbr(假設(shè)這些摩擦力遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)小于 P1 和 P2 的阻力 Fbl1和Fbl2)。在第一個(gè) 1/6 周期( T1)內(nèi), P1 和 P2 初始化狀態(tài)。同時(shí)也應(yīng)注意到,這種夾持結(jié)構(gòu)是靈活的(大范圍的力),這表明較大的溫度變化不會(huì)引起夾持力顯著的變化,且這三個(gè)最大靜摩擦力任然可以保持平衡。因此,只要兩者的摩擦系數(shù)相 等,那么施加在空心管的最大靜摩擦力會(huì)因?yàn)檫@三個(gè)壓力的大致相等而抵消(方向可能與下面討論的相反)。一個(gè)彈性很強(qiáng)的彈簧被牢固的固定在空心管的一端,推動(dòng)空心管的打開(kāi),分別對(duì)夾持的半環(huán)施加 N1和 N2的推力,同時(shí)空心管另一端一個(gè)較弱的壓
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