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2024-11-10 03:47本頁面
【正文】 e it is located , ho w big it is in square feet ( area) , its population , its population in the past, and any other information that is important . “System” in GIS is the puter software that is written to help people analyze the data, look at the data and bine it in various ways to show relationships or to create geographic models . A GIS can be made up of a variety of software and hardware tools, as long as they are integrated to provide a functional geographic data processing tool. As mentioned above, GIS is a puter system that links geographic information (where things are) with descriptive information (what things are) . Unlike a flat paper map, w here “What you see is w hat you get”, a GIS can present m any layers of different information. To use a paper map, all you do is unfold it. Spread out before you is a representation of cities and roads, mountains and rivers, railroads, and political boundaries. T he cities are represented by little dots or circles, the roads by black lines, the mountain peaks by tiny triangles, and the lakes by s m all blue areas similar to the real lakes . A digital map is not much more difficult to use than a paper map. As on the paper map, there are dots or points that represent features on the map such as cities, lines that represent features such as roads, and small areas that represent features such as lakes . All this information— where the point is located , how long the road is, and even how many square miles a lake occupies—is stored as layers in digital for m at as a pattern of ones and zeros in a puter . Think of this geographic data as layers of information underneath the puter screen. Each layer represents a particular the m e or feature of the map. O ne the m e could be made up of all the roads in an area. Another me could represent all the lakes in the same area. Yet another could represent all the cities. These themes can be laid on top of one another, creating a stack of information about the same geographic area. E ach layer can be turned off and on, as if you were peeling a layer off the stack or placing it back on. You control the amount of information about an area that you want to see, at anytime, on any specific map. The technology ponents of a GIS can be explained interims of hard ware, software and human resources. GIS hard ware includes: puters, puter configuration/ works, input devices, printers, and storage systems. Computers for GIS usa
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