【正文】 。s quality arrangements. reference standard: A standard, generally of the highest metrological quality available at a given location, from which measurements made at that location are derived. [VIM ] reference material: A material or substance one or more properties of which are sufficiently well established to be used for the calibration of an apparatus, the assessment of a measurement method, or for assigning values to materials. [ISO Guide 30 ] certified reference material (CRM): A reference material one or more of whose property values are certified by a technically valid procedure, acpanied by or traceable to a certificate or other documentation which is issued by a certifying body. [ISO Guide 30 ] traceability: The property of a result of a measurement whereby it can be related to appropriate standards, generally international or national standards, through an unbroken chain of parisons. [VIM ] proficiency testing: Determination of the laboratory calibration or testing performance by means of interlaboratory parisons. [ISO/IEC Guide 2 , amended] requirement: A translation of the needs into a set of individual quantified or descriptive specifications for the characteristics of an entity in order to enable its realization and examination.4. Organization and management The laboratory shall be legally identifiable. It shall be organized and shall operate in such a way that its permanent, temporary and mobile facilities meet the requirements of this Guide. A2LA Explanatory Note: The laboratory can be a public or private entity, an established business or corporation, or an identifiable division or inhouse activity of a business or corporation, which meets the applicable legal requirements of the governmental jurisdiction in which it conducts business. Legal identifiability aids in addressing issues of liability/accountability, uniqueness, position/scope and independence of operation. The laboratory shall: a) have managerial staff with the authority and resources needed to discharge their duties。s own Introduction (paragraph 7), laboratories meeting the requirements of this Guide ply, for calibration and testing activities, with the relevant requirements of the ISO 9000 series of standards, including those of the model described in ISO 9002 when they are acting as suppliers producing calibration and test results.For laboratories engaged in specific fields of testing such as the chemical (toxicology) field (see for example the OECD Code of Good Laboratory Practice) or the environmental field, these requirements may need amplification with specific criteria which include additional requirements.The text that follows, including the NOTES, e directly from Guide 25 (in gothic print). A2LA Explanatory Notes (sections in italics) are interpretative guidance on particular requirements in the text. These explanatory notes are not to be interpreted as additional requirements. Guide 25 covers both calibration and testing laboratories, so the pairing of calibration and test is frequently repeated. In this context, test laboratories should ignore the word calibration (with the exception of section 9) and calibration laboratories should ignore the word test.1. Scope This Guide sets out the general requirements in accordance with which a laboratory has to demonstrate that it operates, if it is to be recognized as petent to carry out specific calibrations or tests. Additional requirements and information which have to be disclosed for assessing petence or for determining pliance with other criteria may be specified by the organization or authority granting the recognition (or approval), depending upon the specific character of the task of the laboratory. This Guide is for use by calibration and testing laboratories in the development and implementation of their quality systems. It may also be used by accreditation bodies, certification bodies and others concerned with the petence of laboratories.2. ReferencesISO/IEC Guide 2: 1986, General terms and their definitions concerning standardization and related activitiesInternational vocabulary of basic and general terms in metrology (VIM): 1984, issued by BIPM, IEC, ISO, and OIMLISO 8402:1986, Quality VocabularyISO 9000:1987, Quality management and quality assurance standards Guidelines for selection and useISO 9001:1987, Quality systems Model for quality assurance in design/development, production, installation and servicingISO 9002:1987, Quality systems Model for quality assurance in production and installation3. DefinitionsThe relevant definitions from ISO/IEC Guide 2, ISO 8402 and the International vocabulary of basic and general terms in metrology (VIM) are applicable, the most relevant being quoted below together with further definitions applicable for the purposes of this Guide. laboratory: Body that calibrates and/or tests. NOTES: 1. In cases where a laboratory forms part of an organization that carries out other activities besides calibration and testing, the term laboratory refers only to those parts of that organization that are involved in the calibration and testing process. 2. As used herein, the term laboratory refers to a body that carries out calibration or testing at or from a permanent location, at or from a temporary facility, or in or from a mobile facility. testing laboratory: Laboratory that performs tests. [ISO/IEC Guide 2 ] calibration laboratory: Laboratory that performs calibrations. calibration: The set of operations which establish, under specified conditions, the relationship between values indicated by a measuring instrument or measuring system, or values represented by a material measure, and the corresponding known values of a measurand. NOTES: 1. The results of a calibration permits the estimation of errors of indicat