【正文】 inputs 設(shè)計(jì)和開(kāi)發(fā)輸入 Customer and Supplier Input – The organization shall establish and maintain methods for soliciting and using customer and supplier input during the development of new or revised product requirements. [4]顧客和廠商輸入－組織應(yīng)建立并維護(hù)將顧客和廠商要求納入新產(chǎn)品開(kāi)發(fā)或修改的方法。該計(jì)劃應(yīng)包括：a) methods and documented procedure(s),a) 方法和程序文件b) responsibilities,b) 職責(zé)c) schedule for integration, andc) 綜合進(jìn)度，等d) test requirements. [10]d)必要的檢測(cè)。檢測(cè)策劃應(yīng)包括：a) scope of testing (., unit, feature, integration, system, acceptance),a) 檢測(cè)范圍（例如：?jiǎn)挝?、特性、綜合性能、系統(tǒng)、驗(yàn)收）b) types of tests to be performed (., functional, boundary, usability, performance, regression,interoperability),b) 檢測(cè)的執(zhí)行形式（如：功能、范圍、用途、性能、退步、協(xié)同工作能力）c) traceability to requirements,c) 必要的可追蹤性d) test environment (., relevancy to customer environment, operational use),d) 檢測(cè)環(huán)境（例如：相關(guān)顧客環(huán)境，操作效用）e) test coverage (degree to which a test verifies a product’s functions, sometimes expressed as apercent of functions tested),e) 檢測(cè)規(guī)模（驗(yàn)證產(chǎn)品功能的程度，有時(shí)表現(xiàn)為功能測(cè)試的百分比）f) expected results,f) 期望結(jié)果，g) data definition and database requirements,g) 數(shù)據(jù)分類及必要的數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)h) set of tests, test cases (inputs, outputs, test criteria), and documented test procedure(s),h) 檢測(cè)裝置，檢測(cè)實(shí)例（輸入，輸出，檢測(cè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)），及檢測(cè)程序文件，i) use of external testing, andi) 外部檢測(cè)方法，等j) method of reporting and resolving defects. [11]l) 報(bào)告方法及糾正措施. [11] 1: Testing may be covered at several levels. 注解1：檢測(cè)可能覆蓋幾個(gè)級(jí)別。[11] 1: The organization should establish munication methods for dissemination of product requirements and changes to requirements to all impacted parties identified in the project plan. 注解1：組織應(yīng)建立一種聯(lián)系方法來(lái)貫徹產(chǎn)品的要求并改進(jìn)各種要求以符合方案策劃的定義。 2: General work instructions defining tasks and responsibilities mon to all development projects need not be replicated as part of a project plan.注解2：總的工作指令定義的對(duì)于所有的開(kāi)發(fā)方案都有效的任務(wù)和職則不必再在方案策劃中重復(fù)引用。 Design and development設(shè)計(jì)和開(kāi)發(fā) Design and development planning 設(shè)計(jì)和開(kāi)發(fā)策劃 Project Plan – The organization shall establish and maintain a project plan based on the defined product life cycle model. The plan should include:方案策劃－ 組織應(yīng)依據(jù)定義的產(chǎn)品生命周期模式建立并維護(hù)一個(gè)方案計(jì)劃。[11] Customer Feedback – The organization shall establish and maintain a documentedprocedure(s) to provide the customer with feedback on their problem reports in a timely manner.顧客反饋－組織應(yīng)建立并維護(hù)一套程序文件及時(shí)處理顧客問(wèn)題反饋。 1: The customer and the organization should jointly determine the priority for resolving customerreported problems.注解1：顧客和組織共同確定解決顧客報(bào)告問(wèn)題的優(yōu)先程度。 Problem Severity – The organization shall assign severity levels to customer reportedproblems based on the impact to the customer in accordance with the definitions of critical, major, and minor problem reports contained in the glossary of this handbook. The severity level shall be used in determining the timeliness of the organization’s response. [11]問(wèn)題嚴(yán)重性－組織應(yīng)根據(jù)對(duì)顧客的影響向顧客指明問(wèn)題的嚴(yán)重程度，根據(jù)手冊(cè)中的術(shù)語(yǔ)可分為嚴(yán)重，重大，一般問(wèn)題。 Customerrelated processes與顧客有關(guān)的過(guò)程 Determination of requirements related to the product 與產(chǎn)品有關(guān)的要求的確定 Review of requirements related to the product與產(chǎn)品有關(guān)的要求的評(píng)審 1: The contract review process should include:注解1：合同評(píng)審過(guò)程應(yīng)包括：a) product acceptance planning and review, 產(chǎn)品驗(yàn)收策劃和評(píng)審b) handling of problems detected after product acceptance, including customer plaints and claims, and 產(chǎn)品驗(yàn)收后發(fā)現(xiàn)問(wèn)題的處理，包括客戶投訴及要求，等c) responsibility of removal and/or correction of nonconformities after applicable warranty period or during product maintenance contract period. [9]在保證期或維修合約有效期間有責(zé)任刪除和/或修正不符合項(xiàng)目。應(yīng)當(dāng)考慮的工具包括：設(shè)計(jì)開(kāi)發(fā)工具、測(cè)試工具、配置管理工具，以及文件工具。這些資源包括存儲(chǔ)器的效用、吞吐量、適時(shí)執(zhí)行以及I/O通道。 Estimation – The organization shall establish and maintain a method for estimating and tracking project factors during project planning, execution, and change management. [11]評(píng)估－組織應(yīng)建立并維護(hù)一種方法用以在方案策劃、實(shí)施及更改過(guò)程中評(píng)估和跟蹤方案因素 1: Project factors should include product size, plexity, effort, staffing, schedules, cost, quality, reliability, and productivity.注解1：方案因素應(yīng)包括產(chǎn)品尺寸，復(fù)雜性，成就，員工，進(jìn)度，成本，質(zhì)量，可靠性及生產(chǎn)能力。該程序文件應(yīng)包括：a) cessation of full or partial support after a certain period of time, 一定時(shí)間后停止全部或部分支持，b) archiving product documentation and software, 保存產(chǎn)品文檔及軟件，c) responsibility for any future residual support issues, 對(duì)任何殘留問(wèn)題支持的責(zé)任，d) transition to the new product, if applicable, and 如果適用，轉(zhuǎn)化為新產(chǎn)品，等e) accessibility of archive copies of data. [10] 數(shù)據(jù)拷貝存檔的可達(dá)性 Configuration Management Plan – The organization shall establish and maintain a configuration management plan, which should include: 配置管理策劃－組織應(yīng)建立并維護(hù)一配置管理策劃，其內(nèi)容應(yīng)包括：a) identification and scope of the configuration management activities, 配置管理活動(dòng)的定義及范圍b) schedule for performing these activities, 執(zhí)行這些活動(dòng)的進(jìn)度表c) configuration management tools, 配置管理工具d) configuration management methods and documented procedure(s), 配置管理方法及程序文件e) organizations and responsibilities assigned to them, 組織及分派給它的責(zé)任，f) level of required control for each configuration item, and 每個(gè)配置項(xiàng)目需要控制的級(jí)別g) point at which items are brought under configuration management. [10]指明哪些條款置于配置管理的管轄范圍。 Disaster Recovery – The organization shall establish and maintain methods for disasterrecovery to ensure the organization’s ability to recreate and service the product throughout its life cycle. [10]事故處理－組織應(yīng)建立并維護(hù)事故處理的方法以確保組織有能力在生命周期內(nèi)進(jìn)行維修和服務(wù)。 New Product Introduction – The organization shall establish and maintain a documented procedure(s) for introducing new products for General Availability.新產(chǎn)品介紹－組織應(yīng)建立并維護(hù)一套文件化的程序用以介紹新產(chǎn)品的一般性能。Section 7 Product realization第七章 產(chǎn)品實(shí)現(xiàn) Planning of product realization 產(chǎn)品實(shí)現(xiàn)的策劃 Life Cycle Model – The organization shall establish and maintain an integrated set of guidelines that covers the life cycle of its products. This framework shall contain, as appropriate, the processes, activities, and tasks involved in the concept, definition, development, production, operation, mainte