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【正文】 ng down food and absorbing its constituents ? 3 forms of energy – Lipids (fats) – Amino acids (proteins) – Glucose (carbohydrates) Energy ? Delivered to the body as lipids, amino acids, and glucose ? Stored as fats, glycogen, and proteins ? Most stored as fats. Why? ? More economical – 1 gram of fat stores 2X as much energy as 1 gram of glycogen – Fat does not attract and hold much water Energy Metabolism ? Chemical changes that make energy available for use ? Cephalic phase – preparation ? Absorptive phase – energy absorbed ? Fasting phase – – withdrawing energy from reserves – ends with next cephalic phase Energy Metabolism ? Controlled by 2 pancreatic hormones ? Insulin – high during cephalic phase – Allows body cells to use glucose – Promotes formation of glycogen, fat, and protein – Promotes storage of energy ? Glucagon – high during cephalic and absorptive phases – Promotes the release of free fatty acids and their conversion to ketones – making stored energy available SetPoint Assumption ? Despite lack of evidence, most believe that hunger is a response to an energy need。Chapter 12 Hunger, Eating, and Health Why Do Many People Eat Too Much? This multimedia product and its contents are protected under copyright law. The following are prohibited by law: ? any public performance or display, including transmission of any image over a work。 ? preparation of any derivative work, including the extraction, in whole or in part, of any images。 we eat to maintain an energy setpoint ? A negative feedback system – eating is turned on when energy is needed, off when setpoint is reached What’s the setpoint? ? If we eat to maintain an energy homeostasis, what is monitored? ? Glucostatic theories –
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