【正文】 e may not know about it.可以指過去時間，也可以指現(xiàn)在時間，但語氣更加不肯定。 我可以要一張你寶寶的照片嗎？在回答以may引起的問句時，多避免用這個詞，而用其它方式，如Yes, please. / Certainly. / Please don’t ./ You’d better not. / No, you mustn’，以免顯得太嚴峻或不客氣。May (Might) I ask for a photo of your baby? 你喜歡什么就拿什么。You may take whatever you like. 你怎么這么粗心？5）比較委婉客氣地提出問題或陳述看法。How can you be so careless?主要用于否定句、疑問句或感嘆句中。 我可以看一看你的新鋼筆嗎？He asked whether he could take the book out of the reading—room.他問他可不可以把書帶出閱覽室。Can I have a look at your new pen? 在林子里走時勿吸煙，那樣可能會引起火災(zāi)。You mustn’t smoke while you’re walking around in the wood. You could start a fire. 氣溫可降至—60℃，也就是零下60℃。The temperature can fall to –60℃, that is 60℃ below freezing. 兩只眼比一只眼看得清。Two eyes can see more than one.（二）情態(tài)動詞的特點1）有一定詞義；2）不受主語人稱和數(shù)的變化影響；3）與主要動詞的原形（或稱不帶to的不定式）一起構(gòu)成謂語（除ought to作固定詞組看待）。 對將來：一 If+did, S+would / should / could / might+do 二If+were to do / should do, S+would / should / could / might+doamp。 after3. as soon as 可用在任何時態(tài)=hardly had done when did=scarcely had done when did=no sooner had done when didEg39. The students had hardly seen me when they ran off. →Hardly had the students seen me when they ran off.情態(tài)動詞完全情態(tài)動詞：can / could, may / might, will / would, hall / should, must, ought to半情態(tài)動詞: need, doneEg27. Can 1本義：能夠；2推測：可能 Can’t 1本義：不能；2推測：不可能虛擬語氣通常提出一種不可能存在的假設(shè)或與事實相反的假設(shè)amp?？梢猿霈F(xiàn)yet, still, nevertheless2. Whatever =No matter what, 引導(dǎo)名詞性從句時不可替換，引導(dǎo)狀語從句時可以替換。 As 在引導(dǎo)限制性定語從句時，只能用來替代先行詞詞義；引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句時，還可替代整個句子的句意。 as 若替代整個句子的句意，則定從中的謂語動詞用單數(shù)3. 若先行詞為one of the + n.(pl.), 則謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)；若先行詞為the only one of the + n.(pl.), 則謂語動詞用單數(shù)三． “限制性定語從句”與“非限制性定語從句”的區(qū)分Eg36. Xiao Qiang, who lives in Beijing, is my brother. Xiao Qiang who lives in Beijing is my brother.1.“，”逗號2. 限制性定語從句只能用來限制、修飾先行詞，不能省略，通常放在先行詞前，與主句譯為一句；非限制性定語從句起補充說明作用，通常可省略，翻譯時與主句譯為兩句。非限When=prep + which1. 地點2. 時間3. 原因狀語限amp。非限☆ 必須和后面的名詞同時出現(xiàn)☆ Whose = n.+ of + whom /whichEg The Northern Island is famous for the area of hot spring, some of which are throw…into the sky.Eg. New Zealand has population of about million people of which 14 percent are Maoris.☆關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞要盡量靠近先行詞But’s nobody but has his faults.1. 人2. 物☆主句變否定句☆But = who not= that not主語限AsAs we all know /expectSuch /That + n. + thatAs often happens1. 人2. 物3. 整句1. 主語2. 賓語3. 表語4. 狀語限amp。非限☆ prep + whom, whom不可省略☆ prep +whom, whom可以省略ThatEg. The girl that / /whom I wrote a letter to is…1. 人2. 物3. 人和物（sb.+sth.）4. 不定代詞5. 先行詞被最高級序數(shù)詞（only, very, all, few, many, much, little等）修飾1. 主語2. 賓語（可?。?. 介詞賓語 ☆prep不能放在that前且可以省略限Which1. 物2. 集合名詞表物3. 句子4. 不明性別的嬰兒1. 主語2. 賓語(可省)3. 介詞賓語限amp。關(guān)系副詞▲ “三板斧”原則1. 砍逗號That, but, why不引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句2. 砍先行詞（人、物、時間、地點、原因）3. 砍成份（定語從句中缺少的成分→主語、賓語、介詞賓語、狀語、定語）分類引導(dǎo)詞詞形先行詞從句中充當?shù)某煞址秶P(guān)系代詞Who1. 人（含人名）2. 擬人的物3. all, those等,指人時4. 集合名詞表個體時（people, police,team, class, enemy,mittee, group）1. 主語2. 賓語（口語中）限amp。 通常由that引導(dǎo)，放在某些固定的名詞（plan, idea, news, fact, hope…）之后 amp。 疑 + do you think /suppose + 從句主語 + 從句謂語 + 其它 amp。 S + vt. + OS + vi. + prep + OS + v (tell, teach, give, show, make, send) + O + OEg33. Our thoughts make us what we are. 思想塑造人amp。 It is /was + the reason + why… (定語從句) amp。 It seems /happens + that… Eg30. Which way you turn is up to you.2） 表語從句正如 似乎好像 因為 As As if As though Because虛擬語氣Eg31. He looks as if he were drunk.amp。 放在句前，主句謂語動詞用單數(shù) amp。 介詞后，不定式前，通常用Whether amp。 分詞 通常具有形容詞性質(zhì)，用來表示主語所具有的興趣和特性Eg26. My job is feeding / to feed pigs.名詞性從句1.（Whoever es here）knows him.2. We all know that he can fly.3. The news that he succeeded in the end is wellknow.4. The problem is that he always eats a lot.5. We are sure (that) he will go to the moon to date Sister Chang’e.一、通常由一個引導(dǎo)詞引導(dǎo)的一個小句具有名詞的性質(zhì)，在整個大句中充當一個成分（主、賓、表、同位、補）▲ 主語從句▲ 賓語從句▲ 同位語從句▲ 表語從句▲ 補語從句語時俱進引導(dǎo)詞考點二、“豬頭”不省分類引導(dǎo)詞詞形詞義從句中充當?shù)某煞质÷赃B接詞That主、同位不可??；表、賓可省Whether是聯(lián)想諧音記頭法（千萬孤獨）If否連接代詞特指（泛指）Who(ever)誰主、表Whom(ever)誰賓What(ever)什么