【正文】 dard in pronunciation parable to that existing in spelling （ orthography） . One is the fact that pronunciation is learnt “naturally” and uncon sciously， and orthography is learnt deliberately and （ 1） ______ consciously. Large numbers of us， in fact， remain throughout our lives quite unconscious with what （ 2） ______ our speech sounds like when we speak out， and （ 3） ______ it often es as a shock when we firstly hear a （ 4） ______ recording of ourselves. It is not a voice we recog nize at once， whereas our own handwriting is some thing which we almost always know. We begin the （ 5） ______ “natural” learning of pronunciation long before we start learning to read or write， and in our early years we went on unconsciously imitating and practicing （ 6） ______ the pronunciation of those around us for many more hours per every day than we ever have to spend （ 7） ______ learning even our difficult English spelling. This is （ 8） ______ “natural”， therefore， that our speechsounds should be those of our immediate circle。2022年英語(yǔ)專業(yè)八級(jí)考試試題 PART Ⅰ LISTENING COMPREHENSION ［ 40 min］ In Sections A， B and C you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Mark the correct response to each question on your COLOURED ANSWER SHEET. SECTION A TALK Questions 1 to 5 refer to the talk in this section. At the end of the talk you will be given 15 seconds to answer each of the following five questions. Now listen to the talk. 1. According to the passage， during the 18th and 19th centuries cities were small in size mainly because ______. 〔 A〕 the urban population was stable 〔 B〕 few people lived in cities 〔 C〕 transport was backward 〔 D〕 it was originally planned 2. Cities survived in those days largely as a result of ______. 〔 A〕 the trade activities they undertook 〔 B〕 the agricultural activities in the nearby areas 〔 C〕 their relatively small size 〔 D〕 the noneconomic roles they played 3. City dwellers were engaged in all the following economic activities EXCEPT ______. 〔 A〕 merce 〔 B〕 distribution 〔 C〕 processing 〔 D〕 transportation 4. Urban people left cities for the following reasons EXCEPT ______. 〔 A〕 more economic opportunities 〔 B〕 a freer social and political environment 〔 C〕 more educational opportunities 〔 D〕 a more relaxed religious environment 5. Why did the early cities fail to grow as quickly as expected throughout the 18th century? 〔 A〕 Because the countryside attracted more people. 〔 B〕 Because cities did not increase in number. 〔 C〕 Because the functions of the cities changed. 〔 D〕 Because the number of city people was stable. SECTION B INTERVIEW Questions 6 to 10 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 15 seconds to answer each of the following five questions. Now listen to the interview. 6. According to Ja， the factor that would most affect negotiations is ______. 〔 A〕 English language proficiency 〔 B〕 different cultural practices 〔 C〕 different negotiation tasks 〔 D〕 the international Americanized style 7. Ja?s attitude towards the Americanized style, as a model for business negotiations is ______. 〔 A〕 supportive 〔 B〕 negative 〔 C〕 ambiguous 〔 D〕 cautious 8. Which of the following can NOT be seen as a difference between Brazilian and American negotiators? 〔 A〕 Americans prepare more points before negotiations. 〔 B〕 Americans are more straightforward during negotiations. 〔 C〕 Brazilians prefer more eye contact during negotiations. 〔 D〕 Brazilians seek more background information. 9. Which group of people seems to be the most straightforward? 〔 A〕 The British. 〔 B〕 Germans. 〔 C〕 Americans. 〔 D〕 Not mentioned. 10. Which of the following is NOT characteristic of Japanese negotiators? 〔 A〕 Reserved. 〔 B〕 Prejudiced. 〔 C〕 Polite. 〔 D〕 Prudent. SECTION C NEWS BROADCAST Question 11 is based on the following news. At the end of the news item， you will be given 15 seconds to answer the question. Now listen to the news. 11. The news item is mainly about ______. 〔 A〕 a call for research papers to be read at the conference 〔 B〕 an international conference on traditional Tibetan medicine 〔 C〕 the number of participants at the conference and their nationalities 〔 D〕 the preparations made by the sponsors for the international conference Questions 12 and 13 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item， you will be given 30 seconds to answer the questions. Now listen to the news. 12. The news item mainly concerns ______ in Hong Kong. 〔 A〕 Inter centres 〔 B〕 an IBM seminar 〔 C〕 egovernment 〔 D〕 broadcasting 13. The aims of the three policy objectives include all the following EXCEPT ______. 〔 A〕 improvement of government efficiency 〔 B〕 promotion of emerce 〔 C〕 integration of service delivery 〔 D〕 formulation of Digital 21 Strategy Questions 14 and 15 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item， you will be given 30 seconds to answer the questions. Now listen to the news. 14. Which of the following records was the second best time of the year by Donovan Bailey? 〔 A〕 . 〔 B〕 . 〔 C〕 . 〔 D〕 . 15. The record shows that Bailey was ______. 〔 A〕 still suffering from an injury 〔 B〕 getting back in shape 〔 C〕 unable to pete with Greene 〔 D〕 less confident than before SECTION D NOTETAKING amp。 GAPFILLING Fill in each of the gaps with ONE word. You may refer to your notes.