【正文】 ets, unlike Mexico, for example. Chile, therefore, is having to fight hard to attract tourists, to convince travellers that it is worth ing halfway round the world to visit. But it is succeeding, not only in existing markets like the USA and Western Europe but in new territories, in particular the Far East. Markets closer to home, however, are not being fotten. More than 50% of visitors to Chile still e from its nearest neighbour, Argentina, where the cost of living is much higher. Like all South American countries, Chile sees tourism as a valuable earner of foreign currency, although it has been far more serious than most in promoting its image abroad. Relatively stable politically within the region, it has benefited from the problems suffered in other areas. In Peru, guerrilla warfare in recent years has dealt a heavy blow to the tourist industry and fear of street crime in Brazil has reduced the attraction of Rio de Janeiro as a dream destination for foreigners. More than 150,000 people are directly involved in Chile?s tourist sector, an industry which earns the country more than US $ 950 million each year. The staterun National Tourism Service, in partnership with a number of private panies, is currently running a worldwide campaign, taking part in trade fairs and international events to attract visitors to Chile. Chile?s great strength as a tourist destination is its geographical diversity. From the parched Atacama Desert in the north to the Antarctic snowfields of the south, it is more than 5,000km long. With the Pacific on one side and the Andean mountains on the other, Chile boasts natural attractions. Its beaches are not up to Caribbean standards but resorts such as Vina del Mar are generally clean and unspoilt and have a high standard of services. But the tromp card is the Andes mountain range. There are a number of excellent ski resorts within one hour?s drive of the capital, Santiago, and the national parks in the south are home to rare animal and plant species. The parks already attract specialist visitors, including mountaineers, who e to climb the technically difficult peaks, and fishermen, lured by the salmon and trout in theregion’ s rivers. However, infrastructural development in these areas is limited. The ski re sorts do not have as many lifts and pistes as their European counterparts and the poor quality of roads in the south means that only the most determined travelers see the best of the national parks. Air links between Chile and the rest of the world are, at present, relatively poor. While Chile?s two largest airlines have extensive works within South America, they operate only a small number of routes to the United States and Europe, while services to Asia are almost nonexistent. Internal transport links are being improved and luxury hotels are being built in one of its national parks. Nor is development being restricted to the Andes. Easter Island and Chile?s Antarctic Territory axe also on the list of areas where the Government believes it can create tourist markets. But the rush to open hitherto inaccessible areas to mass tourism is not being weled by everyone. Indigenous and environmental groups, including Greenpe ace, say that many parts of the Andes will suffer if they bee overdeveloped. There is a genuine fear that areas of Chile will suffer the cultural destruction witnessed in Mexico and European resorts. The policy of opening up Antarctica to tourism is also politically sensitive. Chile already has permanent settlements on the ice and many people see the decision to allow tourists there as a political move, enhancing Santiago? s territorial claim over part of Antarctica. The Chilean Government has promised to respect the environment as it seeks to bring tourism to these areas. But there are immense mercial pressures to exploit the country?s tourism potential. The Government will have to monitor developments closely if it is genuinely concerned in creating a balanced, controlled industry and if the price of an increasingly lucrative tourist market is not going to mean the loss of many of Chile’ s natural riches. 26. Chile is disadvantaged in the promotion of its tourism by ___. A. geographical location B. guerrilla warfare C. political instability D. street crime 27. Many of Chile?s tourists used to e from EXCEPT ___. B. the Far East C. western Europe D. her neighbours 28. According to the author, Chile?s greatest attraction is ___. A. the unspoilt beaches B. the dry and hot desert C. the famous mountain range D. the high standard of services 29. According to the passage, in WHICH area improvement is already under way? A. Facilities in the ski resorts. B. Domestic transport system. C. Air services to Asia. D. Road work in the south. 30. The objection to the development of Chile’ s tourism might be all EXCEPT that it ___. A. is ambitions and unrealistic B. is politically sensitive C. will bring harm to culture D. will cause pollution in the area SECTION B SKIMMING AND SCANNING (10 min) In this section there are seven passages followed by ten multipleChoice questions. Skim or scan them as required and then mark your answers on your Coloured Answer heet. TEXT E First read the question. 31. The main purpose of the passage is to ___. A. illustrate the features of willpower B. introduce ways to build up willpower C. explain the advantages of willpower D. define the essence of willpower Now go through the TEXT E quickly and answer the question. Willpower isn?t immutable trait we?re either born with or not. It is a skill that can be developed, strengthened and targeted to help us achieve our goals. “Fundamental among man?s inner powers is the tremendous unrealized potency of man?s own will,” wrote Italian psychologist Robert