【正文】
● 對(duì)輸入液體的選擇:首先是恢復(fù)血容量,其次 考慮必需的血紅蛋白濃度,最后是保持凝血機(jī) 制正?;蚧菊?。 ( 2)某些情況下行緊急氣管內(nèi)插管 ( 3)喉罩( LMA)可用于快速建立通 氣途徑 ( 4)纖支鏡的應(yīng)用 ( 5)氣管造口術(shù) 3.休克的復(fù)蘇 ●建立能快速輸液、輸血的靜脈通路。 ●正確進(jìn)行環(huán)狀軟骨加壓。在作氣管內(nèi)插管時(shí)應(yīng)注意 保持頸椎的穩(wěn)定。 主要包括: 1.保存中樞神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)功能。 Parr和 Grande建議了一個(gè)對(duì)創(chuàng)傷病人的處理程序。? In advanced countries, injury ranks as the fourth leading cause of death following heart disease, cancer, and cerebrovascular disease. Preoperative Assessment For trauma patients, in addition to the ordinary preanesthetic evaluation, the severity of the trauma should be evaluated. The monly used scoring system including: 1. ASA physical status score It is not very useful for discriminating small difference in severely injured patients. 2. Glasgow a score scale( GCS) Indicators: Eye opening Spontaneous 4 To voice 3 To pain 2 None 1 Verbal response Oriented 5 Confused 4 Inappropriate words 4 Inprehensible words 2 None 1 Motor responses Obeys Command 6 Localizes pain 5 Withdraws( pain) 4 Flexion( pain) 3 Extension( pain) 2 None 1 Numeric range: 3~ 15 Lower score more serious a 3. Revised Trauma Score( RTS) Ind