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seldom, hardly, never, rarely, few, little, nowhere, nothing等否定詞或半否定詞時,反意疑問部分的動詞應(yīng)用肯定形式 。 如: ① One can’t be too careful, can one/ you? 一個人越認真越好,是吧? ② One should study hard, shouldn’t one/ you? 一個人應(yīng)當認真學習,是嗎? ?⒋ 當陳述部分的主語是 man(人類 )時,反意疑問部分的主語常用 he。 (“不在”屬于否定的事實,所以在英語中應(yīng)用“ no”來表示此義,不要用 “ yes”來回答。 ? (“不出去”屬于否定的事實,所以在英語中應(yīng)用“ no”來表示此義,不要用 “ yes” 來回答。如: ① You are to go home via Hongkong, aren’t you? 你準備經(jīng)香港回國,對吧?(肯定的陳述句 +否定的反意疑問句) ② They didn’t raise many questions at the press conference, did they? 他們在記者招待會上沒提出很多問題,是吧?(否定的陳述句 +肯定的反意疑問句) ③ You won’t be away for long, will you? 你不會離開太久,是吧?(否定的陳述句 +肯定的反意疑問句) ④ You have already got our invitation, haven’t you? 你們已收到了我們的請貼,是吧?(肯定的陳述句 +否定的反意疑問句) ? ㈡反意疑問句的答語 在回答反意疑問句時,應(yīng)根據(jù)事實來回答,如果事實是肯定的,前面要用 yes,否則用 no, 在第一部分為否定句時要特別注意,這時英語回答和漢語回答是不一致的。注意:這種結(jié)構(gòu)主語一般為名詞,如果是代詞則不倒裝。如: Much as I have traveled, I have never seen anyone to equal her, in thoroughness, whatever the job. (2)出現(xiàn)在句型 be+主語 +其他 , e what may中。 強調(diào)句式的補充內(nèi)容:被強調(diào)部分是疑問詞時的情況。(如果 only去掉就是全部倒裝) ? Only when the war was over was he able to get happily back to work. ? Only under special circumstances _C_ to take makeup tests. A permitted are freshmen B freshmen are permitted C are freshmen permitted D are permitted freshmen freshmen 新生; make up for 彌補,補償; makeup tests 補考(緩考)。 改寫為正常語序為, Man did not know what heat is until the early years of the 19th. 現(xiàn)在將 not提前,后面就不能再用否定了 ,否則意思就變了。 這些否定詞包括 no, little, hardly, seldom, never, not only, not until等。 I have never seen such a performance. The mother didn’t leave the room until the child fell asleep. ? 典型例題 1) Why can’t I smoke here? At no time___ in the meetingroom A. is smoking permitted B. smoking is permitted C. smoking is it permitted D. does smoking permit 答案 A. 這是一個倒裝問題。 ? Never have I seen such a performance. Nowhere will you find the answer to this question. Not until the child fell asleep did the mother leave the room. 當 Not until引出主從復合句,主句倒裝,從句不倒裝。此句恢復正常語序應(yīng)為: As it was published at such a time … ? 4. 表示否定含義的單詞或短語放在句首,句子用部分倒裝;常見的一些表示否定含義的單詞: never, little, few, hardly (… when), scarcely (… when) ; seldom 難得,不常;nowhere 哪里都不。如: So boring was the speech that the audience all left halfway. Such a noise did they make that the neighbors could not go to sleep at night. ? 部分倒裝的六條原則: 1. so放在句首時表示承前肯定,這個句子用部分倒裝; nor, neither放在句首時表示承前否定,句子也用部分倒裝; 2. 省略了引導詞 if 的虛擬條件從句,可以把從句中的 had, should, could, were中的任何一 個提到從句最前面的位置,構(gòu)成部分倒裝; 3. as, though表示“盡管”時引導從句,從句中的表語可以置于引導詞之前構(gòu)成部分倒裝 ? 26. _B_ as it was at such a time, his work attracted much attention. A Being published B Published C Publishing D To be published ? 當題干是 as引導一個從句,且 as前為一個空格時他表示的就是盡管,空格處要填的就是 表語。 ? Under the tree sat an old man. ? On the hay lay a wounded boy of not more than seventeen. ? 6. 現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞可提至句首構(gòu)成 分詞 + be + 主語 +其它 +的倒裝句式。 ? Here is your letter. ? 如果主語是人稱代詞則不能完全倒裝 ? 4. 以副詞 out, in, up, down, away開頭的句子; ? Out rushed a missile from under the bomber. ? Ahead sat an old woman. 注意 : 上述全部倒裝的句型結(jié)構(gòu)的主語必須是名詞, 如果主語是人稱代詞則不能完全倒裝 。 全部倒裝的七條原則: ? 1. There be句型(表示有); 2. 以 There或 now, then開頭的句子,且句子謂語動詞為e或 go; ? There you go again. 你又去那里了。對于倒裝句型同學們所應(yīng)注意的就是在哪些情況下需要倒裝,并且如何倒裝。謂語部分所有單詞都放在主語前是全部倒裝,謂語的一部分放在主語的前面是部分倒裝,謂語中的一部分通常是指: 系動詞; 助動詞; 情態(tài)動詞 。 ? (4)should 除了“應(yīng)該”一層意思外,大綱還規(guī)定要掌握其“竟然”的意思。注意這個句型的變體 cannot…over… 。如: ?It might have been better to include more punchy statistics and photos