污染控制與墨西哥吸收外商直接投資：一個(gè)產(chǎn)業(yè)層面的分析外文翻譯-文庫(kù)吧資料
2025-05-21 22:52本頁(yè)面
【正文】 al largely determine where industry is located and which goods a country will export. To the extent that heavily polluting industries also tend to be capitalintensive, the relative paucity of capital in developing countries may outweigh their abatement cost advantage (Antweiler et 4 al. 2020。 Grossman and Krueger 1993). Compounding these problems is the use of US data on pollution intensities and abatement costs to represent environmental Environmental regulations and their enforcement in Mexico were very low until well into the 1980s. The scope of environmental regulation has picked up only recently. The agency in charge of enforcement of regulations is Procuradur237。 1 本科畢業(yè)論文外文翻譯 外文題目： Pollution Control and Foreign Direct Investment in Mexico: An IndustryLevel Analysis 出 處： Environmental and Resource Economics 作 者： Andreas Waldkirch and Munisamy Gopinath 譯 文： Pollution Control and Foreign Direct Investment in Mexico: An IndustryLevel Analysis Andreas Waldkirch and Munisamy Gopinath ABSTRACT Foreign direct investment (FDI) flows into developing countries have been increasing dramatically over the past decade. At the same time, there has been widespread concern that lax environmental standards are in part responsible for this surge. This paper revisits the question of the existence of a pollution haven effect by examining the extent to which the pollution intensity of production helps explain FDI in Mexico. We focus on pollution intensities, which are directly related to emission regulations, rather than unobservable pollution taxes and allow for substitution between capital and pollution. Examining several different pollutants, we find a positive correlation between FDI and pollution that is statistically and economically significant in the case of the highly regulated sulfur dioxide emissions. Industries for which the estimated relationship between FDI and pollution is positive receive up to 30% of total FDI and 30% of manufacturing output. Although we confirm the importance of Mexico’s parative advantage in laborintensive production processes, consistent with the previous literature, our results suggest that environmental considerations may matter as well for firms’ investment decisions. Introduction 2 Concerns about the effects of environmental standards on trade and investment flows abound. There is much talk about a “race to the bottom”, where developing countries in particular are said to be increasing their petitive advantage in the world economy due to lower labor and environmental standards. Some in the developed world view the lower standards
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